1999
DOI: 10.1159/000016941
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A Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale for Staging Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Abstract: Objective: To develop a simple and straightforward functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS) for patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia to determine the severity of the disorder and the effectiveness of therapy or outcome. Design: Five years ago, the author developed a dysphagia staging scale based on personal experience and a review of the English literature. This scale was shared with colleagues from the specialties of otolaryngology, speech pathology, neurology, and gastroenterology, both within and outside… Show more

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Cited by 177 publications
(132 citation statements)
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“…Data were collected during a 3-month period. All patients with grade-2 feeding difficulties on the functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS) [22] and the NGTfed residents of these LTC wards were eligible for the study. FOSS was used since on the same scale it grades patients with no swallowing difficulties, those with various stages of dysphagia, and also those enteral fed by tube.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Data were collected during a 3-month period. All patients with grade-2 feeding difficulties on the functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS) [22] and the NGTfed residents of these LTC wards were eligible for the study. FOSS was used since on the same scale it grades patients with no swallowing difficulties, those with various stages of dysphagia, and also those enteral fed by tube.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Secondary endpoints were HPV status (p16, ISH, histopathology), patterns of failure (local, regional, distant), ECS from neck nodes, tracheostomy rates, days of hospitalization, and swallowing function as determined by gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement (single-center study) and Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale (FOSS). 24 The FOSS ranks swallowing function from 0 to 5, with 0 being normal function and 4 to 5 being gastrostomy tube (G-tube) dependent (Table 1). OS was defined as the time from surgery to the date of death resulting from any cause.…”
Section: Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Functional Outcomes Swallowing Scale (FOSS) scores were applied retrospectively to each outpatient visit based on the practitioner notes (Table I). 4 …”
Section: Patients and Datamentioning
confidence: 99%