A fundamental investigation into aspects of the physiology and biochemistry of the stratum corneum in subjects with sensitive skin

Raj, Nidhin; Voegeli, R.; Rawlings, A. V.; Doppler, S.; Imfeld, D.; Munday, Michael R.; Lane, Majella E.

doi:10.1111/ics.12334

Cited by 47 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Inconsistent with our previous results of reduced CE maturation, levels of peptide sequences for transglutaminases 1 and 3 were found to be increased in the cheek samples . Reduced transglutaminase activities and reduced mass levels are reported in the SC of subjects with post‐menopausal dry leg skin, sensitive facial skin conditions, dandruff and xerosis . However, it is possible that the transglutaminases may not be adequately activated or their substrates prepared satisfactorily for their use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The effect of photodamage on the female Caucasian facial stratum corneum corneome using mass spectrometry‐based proteomics

Voegeli

Monneuse²,

Schoop

et al. 2017

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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BACKGROUND:The effect of photodamage on facial stratum corneum (SC) is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To describe the SC proteome from tape strippings of Caucasian SC from photoexposed cheek and photoprotected postauricular (PA) site, a global analysis of photodamage on the skin will be developed leading to a better understanding of keratinocyte signalling pathways and identification of new molecular targets for the treatment of photoaged skin. METHODS: Female Caucasian subjects had nine consecutive tape strippings taken from their cheeks and PA site. Proteins were extracted and the trypsin-digested peptides were analysed by nanochromatography coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometer. Data-dependent acquisition allowed protein identification that was processed by Paragon algorithm of Protein Pilot software. RESULTS: Changes in the levels of epidermal differentiation proteins were apparent indicating poor epidermal differentiation and SC maturation (keratins, cornified envelope (CE) proteins) on photoexposed cheeks. Differences in protease-anti-protease balance were observed for corneodesmolysis (favouring desquamation) and filaggrinolysis (favouring reduced filaggrin processing). 12R-LOX, a CE maturation enzyme, was reduced in photodamaged skin but not transglutaminases. Changes in signal keratinocyte transduction pathway markers were demonstrated especially by reduced levels of downstream signalling markers such as calreticulin (unfolded protein response; UPR) and increased level of stratifin (target of rapamycin; mTOR). Evidence for impaired proteostasis was apparent by reduced levels of a key proteasomal subunit (subunit beta type-6). Finally, key antioxidant proteins were upregulated except catalase. CONCLUSION: Clear examples of poor keratinocyte differentiation and associated metabolic and signalling pathways together with reduced SC maturation were identified in photodamaged facial SC. Corneocyte immaturity was evident with changes in CE proteins. Particularly, the reduction in 12R-LOX is a novel finding in photodamaged skin and supports the lack of SC maturation. Moreover, filaggrinolysis was reduced, whereas corneodesmolysis was enhanced. From our results, we propose that there is a poor crosstalk between the keratinocyte endoplasmic reticulum UPR, proteasome network and autophagy machinery that possibly leads to impaired keratinocyte proteostasis. Superimposed on these aberrations is an apparently enhanced mTOR pathway that also contributes to reduced SC formation and maturation. Our results clearly indicate a corneocyte scaffold disorder in photodamaged cheek SC.R esum e CONTEXTE: Les effets des dommages dus a l'exposition a la lumiere sur le stratum corneum (SC) sont encore mal compris. OBJECTIFS: D ecrire le prot eome du SC issu de pr el evements par bandes adh esives provenant de la joue, expos ee a la lumi ere, et de la r egion post-auriculaire, prot eg ee de la lumi ere, de sujets caucasiens.A cette fin, une analyse globale des dommages cutan es dus a l'exposition a la lumi er...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

The effect of photodamage on the female Caucasian facial stratum corneum corneome using mass spectrometry‐based proteomics

Voegeli

Monneuse²,

Schoop

et al. 2017

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…It could be tempting to speculate that the stronger expression of ceramides in the forearm of SS subjects might be due to a compensating mechanism of the primary defect in activation of the innate immune system or impaired intercorneocyte adhesion [21,35,36,45]. This hypothesis might not be valid for the cheek, which is characterized by a higher number of mast cells compared to other body sites, and thus does not need a compensatory mechanism [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Skin: Assessment of the Skin Barrier Using Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy

Richters

Falcone

Uzunbajakava

et al. 2017

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Sensitive skin (SS), a frequently reported condition in the Western world, has been suggested to be underlined by an impaired skin barrier. The aim of this study was to investigate the skin barrier molecular composition in SS subjects using confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRS), and to compare it with that of non-SS (NSS) individuals as well as atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) subjects, who frequently report SS. Methods: Subjects with SS (n = 29), NSS (n = 30), AD (n = 11), and AR (n = 27) were included. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness, water, ceramides/fatty acids, and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) were measured by CRS along with transepidermal water loss and capacitance on the ventral forearm, thenar, and cheek. Sebum levels were additionally measured on the forearm and cheek. Results: No differences between SS and NSS subjects were found regarding SC thickness, water, and NMF content, yet a trend towards lower ceramides/fatty acids was observed in the cheek. Compared to AD subjects, the SS group showed higher ceramides/fatty acid content in the forearm, whereas no differences emerged with AR. The correlation of macroscopic biophysical techniques and CRS was weak,yetCRS confirmed the well-known lower content of NMF and water, and thinner SC in subjects with filaggrin mutations. Conclusion: The skin barrier in SS is not impaired in terms of SC thickness, water, NMF, and ceramides/fatty acid content. The failure of biophysical techniques to follow alterations in the molecular composition of the skin barrier revealed by CRS emphasizes a strong need in sensitive and specific tools for in vivo skin barrier analysis.

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“…Diminishing capsaicin's side effects has been an issue of particular interest in recent years. The intensity of side effects depends on age, the inflammation process, and individual sensitivity [43,44]. The effect of capsaicin on sensitive skin is stronger, causing transepithelial water loss, changes in integrity, cohesion, and electrical capacitance of the epidermis [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity of side effects depends on age, the inflammation process, and individual sensitivity [43,44]. The effect of capsaicin on sensitive skin is stronger, causing transepithelial water loss, changes in integrity, cohesion, and electrical capacitance of the epidermis [43]. Capsaicin acts on the TRPV1 receptor provoking secretion of neuromediators as a substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide protein, which explains the desensitization - the reduction of feeling of pain [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsaicin Used on Skin Influences Ion Transport Pathways: An in vitro Study

Hołyńska-Iwan¹,

Dziembowska

Smyk³

et al. 2017

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Acute, adverse skin effects to capsaicin can be activated by inhibition of sodium transport not only in nociceptive neurons, but also in keratinocytes. The aim of the current study was to describe and compare immediate (15 s) and prolonged (30 min) effects of capsaicin on epidermal (not neural) sodium transport using a rabbit skin model. Skin fragments (n = 169) were incubated in 4 conditions: undisturbed ion transport (U; n = 48); inhibited sodium transport (I_Na; n = 34) with amiloride used as sodium transport blocker; long-term irritation by capsaicin with undisturbed ion transport (CAPSA-U; n = 43) and with inhibited sodium transport (CAPSA-I_Na; n = 35). After 30 min of incubation, a solution of capsaicin was applied directly to the skin fragments. The study demonstrated that sodium transport inhibition eliminated the effects of both immediate and prolonged capsaicin application. The results could be the basis for future research considering selective sodium transport inhibitors for human skin to reduce the side effects of capsaicin, related to activation of sodium channels in keratinocytes.

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A fundamental investigation into aspects of the physiology and biochemistry of the stratum corneum in subjects with sensitive skin

Cited by 47 publications

References 69 publications

The effect of photodamage on the female Caucasian facial stratum corneum corneome using mass spectrometry‐based proteomics

The effect of photodamage on the female Caucasian facial stratum corneum corneome using mass spectrometry‐based proteomics

Sensitive Skin: Assessment of the Skin Barrier Using Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy

Capsaicin Used on Skin Influences Ion Transport Pathways: An in vitro Study

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