A fungal tRNA of Aspergillus niger induces IFN-β synthesis in HEp-2 cells

HUVECs from newborns with a strong family history of diabetes show diminished ROS synthesis in the presence of high glucose concentrations

“…Cells were used within passages 4-10 and were identified as endothelial by their morphology and by uniform positive endoglin (CD105) surface antigen (BD Pharmigen) staining. Crystal violet stain allows the evaluation of cell viability as well as cellular proliferation in relation to the culture time [20,21]. Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity was determined by the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT, 5 mg/mL) in sterile PBS [22].…”

5′ tRNA Halves: The Next Generation of Immune Signaling Molecules

“…Specific nucleoside motifs within tRNA may act as structural anti-determinants for innate immune recognition; the stem-loop of human tRNA–Ala and an interaction between D and T loops of tRNA–His can be epitopes for autoantibodies found in serum of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies ( 46 ). Treatment with fungal tRNA protected cells against adenovirus infection by inducing IFN-β synthesis ( 47 ). Incubation of cells with methionine initiator tRNA or the crude extract of plant tRNA induce IFN-α production ( 48 ).…”

Riddle of the Sphinx: Emerging Role of Transfer RNAs in Human Cancer

“…In addition, the specific nucleoside motifs of tRNAs may be a structural determinant of innate immune recognition. For example, the interaction between the human tRNA Ala stem loop and the D and T rings of tRNA His may be epitopes of autoantibodies in the sera of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy ( Bunn and Mathews, 1987 ), and the anti-adenovirus infection-induced tRNAs fungal protective cell therapy ( Alvarado-Vásquez et al, 2005 ). Finally, the major histocompatibility complex contains the largest tRNA gene cluster in human, which also coexist with immune-related functions are co-located.…”