A Further Indication of the Self-Ordering Capacity of Water Via the Droplet Evaporation Method

Abstract

Abstract:The droplet evaporation method (DEM) is increasingly used for assessing various characteristics of water. In our research we tried to use DEM to detect a possible self-ordering capability of (spring) water that would be similar to the already found and described autothixotropic phenomenon, namely increasing order of non-distilled water subject to aging. The output of DEM is a droplet remnant pattern (DRP). For analysis of DRP images we used a specially developed computer program that does the frequency distribution analysis of certain parameters of the images. The results of experiments demonstrated statistically significant differences in both aging of water as well as in the glass exposed surface/volume ratio of the aged water. The most important result supporting the self-ordering character of water was found in an increasing dependence between two analyzed parameters: distance and frequency, at the peak frequency. As the result concerns mostly aging and shows increasing order it further corroborates other findings concerning increasing order by aging. Such further confirmation of self-ordering capacity of water is not important only for physical chemistry, but also for biology.

Polycrystalline structures formed in evaporating droplets as a parameter to test the action of Zincum metallicum 30c in a wheat seed model

“…Other studies indicate that polycrystalline structures obtained by means of DEM can be used to study the water's structure 28 and the structure of UHD's, 29 and thus might also serve as an useful parameter for investigations performed on physical models. Since the choice to use polycrystalline structures formed during evaporation-induced crystallization as an outcome parameter does neither depend on the UHD's expected action nor on the specific model in use, polycrystalline structures might constitute a 'first line' parameter able to show if, generally, the UHD treatment has induced some kind of modification into the model.…”

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“…Dry residues are then observed under the dark-field microscope (see an example in Figure 2). Properly dried drops with no additional artifacts are photographed and analyzed by visual assessment and software [33]. The anomalously dried drops (evidently non-circular form, ripped up or interrupted edges) or drops with fibers or dust-like particles (occasionally stemming from the previous cleaning of slides) incorporated in dry residues are eliminated from further analysis.…”

“…Therefore, the detecting liquid should contain some minerals, and we could use a chemically synthetized solution or some natural water. According to our many years of DEM research, we decided to use tap water and spring one, since both perform quite distinct formations [33].…”

Gas-Vapor Mixture Temperature in the Near-Surface Layer of a Rapidly-Evaporating Water Droplet

“…Today, there are quite a lot of studies looking into the processes of evaporation and combustion of liquid fuel droplets [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The main consistent patterns of heat and mass transfer processes, when single droplets of liquid fuels and their aerosol flows of different particle sizes are heated and evaporate, were established by the results of theoretical and experimental research, generalized in study [ 5 ].…”