A further inquiry into the Pollution Haven Hypothesis and the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Kearsley, Aaron; Riddel, Mary

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.014

Cited by 285 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This strongly rejects the PHH for CO 2 emissions in Malaysia-China trade. This is consistent with the findings of Tobey (1990); Wyckoff and Roop (1994); Jaffe et al (1995); Janickle et al (1997); Kahn (2003) and Kearsley and Riddel (2010) who found no evidence of PHH. For the panel of dirty industries as a whole, the coefficient of dirty import is positive and highly significant at the 1% significance level.…”

Section: Ajessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…However the evidence on PHH is mixed. While (Mani and Wheeler, 1998;Cole, 2004;Kearsley and Riddel, 2010) find evidence of pollution havens, the relationship between stringency of a country's environmental regulation and trade in dirty products is rejected by (Jaffe et al, 1995;Janickle et al, 1997).…”

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cole (2004) included trade openness, ratio of GDP in manufacturing and dirty trade flows to the model to test the EKC for ten air and water pollutants for selected OECD countries. Kearsley and Riddel (2010) extends Cole (2004) study by using disaggregated estimates of import and export shares based on two and three-digit levels for dirty industries in OECD countries. However the evidence on PHH is mixed.…”

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollution havens will not enjoy the environmental quality improvements as per capita income rises and current estimates of the EKCs will give overly optimistic projections of future emissions for developing countries. According to Cole (2004) (Kearsley and Riddel, 2010). In the light of the above discussion, the following EKC model is used for the study:…”

Section: Data and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Implications of Industrial Trade Data

Sulaiman¹

2013

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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This study examines the dynamic relationship between CO 2 emissions and economic growth in Malaysia for the period of 1980-2004. The evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is tested by including energy consumption, dirty export from Malaysia to China and dirty import from China to Malaysia based on the two and three-digit ISIC data which reflect pollution-intensive manufacturing. Using dirty industries for the period of 1980-2004, the existence of Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) was tested by employing ARDL approach of cointegration and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS). Six out of eight dirty industries are found to show statistically significant inverted U-shaped relationship between CO 2 emissions and economic growth, thus the EKC. Export from industries such as textile, wearing apparel and leather, manufacture of fabricated metal products and electrical machinery significantly increase CO 2 emissions in Malaysia. Most of the import coefficients are significant and positively related to CO 2 emissions, which is in contrast to the PHH. This strongly rejects the PHH for CO 2 emissions in Malaysia-China trade. There is no evidence that domestic production of pollution-intensive goods in Malaysia is being replaced by imports from China. Based on the analysis, Malaysia-China bilateral trade increases CO 2 emissions in Malaysia. There is therefore urgent need that electricity generation in Malaysia is from clean and sustainable sources. There have been efforts by the Malaysian government towards achieving this objective through its many related policies introduced since the beginning of this new millennium.

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Section: Ajessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Implications of Industrial Trade Data

Sulaiman¹

2013

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…This process is known as the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the literature ). The EKC hypothesis, which was firstly put forward by Grossman and Krueger (1995), suggests that a rise in domestic output leads to an increase in CO2 emissions until the economy reaches a certain level, and decreases thereafter (Kearsley and Riddel, 2010). In other words, the EKC hypothesis proposes that there is an inverted U-shape relation between CO2 emissions and per capita income (Jalil and Mahmud, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does export product quality matter for CO2 emissions? Evidence from China

Gözgör

Can

2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This paper re-estimates the environmental Kuznets curve over the period 1971-2010 in China.To this end, it uses the unit root tests with one structural break and the autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) estimations. The special role is given to the impacts of export product quality and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in the empirical models. The paper finds that the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is valid in China. It also observes the positive effect from energy consumption to CO2 emissions. In addition, it finds that the export product quality is negatively associated with CO2 emissions. The paper also argues potential implications.

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Carbon leakage or carbon reduction? Carbon emission effect of the production relocation of metal smelting industry in China

Liu,

Wang,

Guo

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The metal smelting industry (MSI) is one of the major carbon emission sectors in China, and it is of great significance to clarify the mechanism and truth of the carbon effect of production relocation (PR) of MSI for reducing national carbon emissions. Based on this thinking and previous studies, we proposed two concepts of relative carbon emission effect (RCE) and absolute carbon emission effect (ACE) of PR, then developed models to explore the impact of PR of MSI (PRM) on national carbon emission between 30 provincial administrative units in China from 2007 to 2017. The study demonstrates that the PRM and its ACE and RCE is divergent across provinces and regions. Overall, the PRM is beneficial to national carbon reduction under both relative and absolute scenarios. Specifically, the transfer‐in PRM of most provinces in central regions is beneficial to national carbon reduction, while the transfer‐out PRM of many provinces in coastal areas has worst carbon leakage effect.

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A further inquiry into the Pollution Haven Hypothesis and the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Cited by 285 publications

References 13 publications

Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Implications of Industrial Trade Data

Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Implications of Industrial Trade Data

Does export product quality matter for CO2 emissions? Evidence from China

Carbon leakage or carbon reduction? Carbon emission effect of the production relocation of metal smelting industry in China

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