A GC-EI-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 15 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Fish and Shellfish Tissues

Piersanti, Arianna; Tavoloni, Tamara; Bastari, Eleonora; Lestingi, Carmela; Romanelli, Sara; Rossi, Rosanna; Saluti, Giorgio; Moretti, Simone; Galarini, Roberta

doi:10.1007/s12161-017-1006-z

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As expected, several authors made the same observations in previous studies in fish and other organisms [60][61][62][63]. As for the ratio between PBDE-99 and PBDE-100, considered an indicator of the organism metabolic capacity [60], fish from the two lagoons displayed a comparable ratio of 1:9 and 1:4 (Fogliano and Caprolace respectively), in line with the mean BDE-99: BDE-100 ratio in fish from marine coastal areas that are not excessively polluted [63].…”

Section: Organic Contaminantssupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Environmental Quality of Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons Using Persistent Organic Pollutants and Metals in Thick-Lipped Grey Mullet

Leone

Capoccioni

Belpaire

et al. 2020

Water

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The evaluation of past and present anthropogenic impacts affecting the ecological quality status of transitional ecosystems is crucial from the perspective of protecting them from further deterioration, and to evaluate remediation and restoration measures. Contamination patterns of thick-lipped grey mullet from two Mediterranean coastal lagoons within a protected area in Italy were assessed and compared in order to evaluate their overall quality status and to collect information that can provide useful feedback on management choices aimed at enhancing environmental quality and biodiversity conservation. The quality status of the two lagoons was evaluated by an environmental assessment methodology based on indicators of direct and indirect human pressures, while a broad range of analyses were carried out to determine the presence and concentration of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and metals in fish muscle tissue. A good quality status resulted for both lagoons, and an overall limited anthropogenic impact in the surrounding area. This could account for POPs and metal contamination levels found in mullet, although limited, and relating to their patterns. The overlap of results achieved with the two evaluation approaches can provide support for management choices in Mediterranean lagoon environments, especially for those committed to the protection and conservation of biodiversity.

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Section: Organic Contaminantssupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Environmental Quality of Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons Using Persistent Organic Pollutants and Metals in Thick-Lipped Grey Mullet

Leone

Capoccioni

Belpaire

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Comparison with other studies is very difficult because the samples commonly studied are samples rich in lipids (namely, food of animal origin) and other vegetables where the composition is very different from those studied in the present study. ,, Our samples are simultaneously rich in pigment and spicy compounds, which is very complicated for GC. However, by comparison with other extraction methods including a QuEChERS with SPE and GPC cleanup, soxhlet, accelerated solvent extractor, and pressurized liquid extraction applied in other samples, the simplicity of the QuEChERS protocol allows us to minimize experimental errors, reduce the use of organic solvents, decrease the cost per extraction, and increase the productivity per working day without compromising sensitivity and robustness, thus embracing green chemistry as well as analytical and policy requirements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved QuEChERS for Analysis of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Capsicum Cultivars Using Gas Chromatography

Fernandes

Luts

Delerue–Matos

et al. 2020

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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One of the main challenges for analytical laboratories and food safety authorities is the control of food contaminants hazardous to human health. For the first time, a simple, fast, and cost-effective sample preparation method is proposed as an extraction technique to determine 12 brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (seven polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners and five novel BFRs) in Capsicum cultivars. Different QuEChERS and dispersive solid-phase extract (d-SPE) sorbent compositions were evaluated in terms of recovery and matrix effects. The best results were obtained with citrate-buffered version QuEChERS and a cleanup step, with 150 mg of MgSO 4 , 50 mg of primary secondary amine (PSA), 50 mg of C18, and 5 mg of carbon. The limit of detection (LOD) was between 1.4 and 9.3 μg/kg and R 2 > 0.99. Recoveries and matrix effects were between 66 and 104% and 0.58 and 2.18, respectively. The relative standard deviations from repeatability and reproducibility studies and estimation of measurement uncertainty were lower than 20%. Gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer was used to confirm the presence of BFRs in the samples. Novel BFRs were detected lower than the LOD.

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“…One study ( 12 ) compared three types of commercially available sorbents – Oasis HLB ® , Isolute ® C18, and Isolute ® PAH – for extraction of PBDEs from wastewater. Although the first two sorbents are often used to extract and purify PBDEs from environmental samples ( 12 , 13 , 39 ), Isolute ® PAH with ethyl acetate as eluent stands out as the best method due to the lowest interference and chromatogram baseline. The reason may be that Isolute ® PAH uniquely combines a C 18 and an amino-based sorbent.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GC coupled to an MS detector (GC-MS) or an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) is the most common method to determine PBDEs ( 12 , 13 , 39 , 47 , 52 ) and PBBs ( 50 , 52 ). HBCD, TBBPA, and TBPPS are most often analysed with LC coupled to an MS detector (LC-MS) ( 13 , 37 ) or HPLC coupled to MS detector ( 19 , 20 , 55 ) or UV detector ( 2 , 22 ).…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common ionisation techniques for determining PBDEs in environmental samples are electron ionisation (EI), electron capture negative ionisation (ECNI), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) ionisation. For PBBs, the techniques of choice are EI and negative chemical ionisation (NCI) ( 12 , 31 , 39 , 40 , 47 , 49 , 52 ). ECNI and NCI have higher sensitivity than EI, but determination is based only on differences in retention times, and response decreases with the number of Br atoms.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of brominated flame retardants in the aquatic environment: a review

Jagić

Dvoršćak

Klinčić

2021

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The most common and consequently analysed brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). As these persistent organic pollutants are widespread in the environment and have a number of harmful effects on human health, the production and use of most has been banned for several years. The aquatic environment is polluted by these compounds through their deposition from the atmosphere, sewage sludge, wastewater treatment plants, and landfills, and higher levels are found in areas with developed industry and agriculture and near landfills. Each compound also seems to show preference for specific compartments of the aquatic environment, i.e. water, sediment, or aquatic organisms, according to their physicochemical properties. The aim of this review was to take a closer look at the analysis of BFRs, as without reliable analysis we would not be able to determine their levels and distribution across the aquatic compartments and assess human exposure and health risks. Particularly worrying are the health risks associated with PBDEs in fish, whose levels generally exceed the permitted values.

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A GC-EI-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 15 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Fish and Shellfish Tissues

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of Environmental Quality of Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons Using Persistent Organic Pollutants and Metals in Thick-Lipped Grey Mullet

Evaluation of Environmental Quality of Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons Using Persistent Organic Pollutants and Metals in Thick-Lipped Grey Mullet

Improved QuEChERS for Analysis of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Capsicum Cultivars Using Gas Chromatography

Analysis of brominated flame retardants in the aquatic environment: a review

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