A Gender Perspective on Pest and Disease Management From the Cases of Roots, Tubers and Bananas in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Kawarazuka, Nozomi; Damtew, Elias; Mayanja, Sarah; Okonya, Joshua Sikhu; Rietveld, Anne M.; Slavchevska, Vanya; Teeken, Béla

doi:10.3389/fagro.2020.00007

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Women play significant roles in pest management in some regions, such as obtaining and planting healthy seed/planting materials, identifying pest symptoms, (Iradukunda et al, 2019;Nkengla-Asi et al, 2019;Upadhyay et al, 2018) and participating in crop protection activities, such as pesticide application (Schreinemacheres et al, 2017). However, the lack of gender and social perspectives in plant health surveillance, technology development, access to extension services, and impact evaluation has been one of the major impediments in improving the adoption of IPM strategies (Kawarazuka et al, 2020;Tambo et al, 2021;Terefe, 2020).…”

Section: Gender Issues and Disciplinary Gap Between Social And Biophy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable management of transboundary pests requires holistic and inclusive solutions

et al. 2022

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Globalization and changing climates are aggravating the occurrence and impacts of transboundary pests, and driving the emergence of new threats. Most of the low- and middle-income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America are not fully prepared in terms of surveillance, diagnostics, and deployment of plant health solutions due to several factors: adequate investment is lacking; knowledge is inadequate; and connections from the local to global, and global to local are insufficient. Effectively countering the current and emerging threats to plant health requires a holistic approach that includes: 1) globally coordinated diagnostic and surveillance systems; 2) epidemiological modelling, risk assessment, forecasting and preparedness for proactive management and containment; and 3) implementation of context-sensitive, eco-friendly, gender-responsive and socially inclusive integrated disease and pest management approaches to reduce the impacts of devastating transboundary pests and diseases. Despite several success stories where major pests and diseases have been brought to control through integrated approaches, further multi-institutional and multi-disciplinary efforts are necessary. Plant health management requires stronger interface between the biophysical and social sciences, and empowerment of local communities. These reflections derive from the proceedings of a webinar on “Transboundary Disease and Pest Management,” organized by CGIAR (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research) on March 3, 2021, in recognition of the United Nations designated International Year of Plant Health.

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Section: Gender Issues and Disciplinary Gap Between Social And Biophy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable management of transboundary pests requires holistic and inclusive solutions

et al. 2022

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“…Gender-sensitive training and extension services are critical to address gendered pest management challenges. According to Kawarazuka et al (2020), women's failure to spray is due to limited financial resources, knowledge, and access to information (Kawarazuka et al 2020). Further, females and males were found to adopt different pest control methods (Kawarazuka et al 2020); hence, there is a need to assess and consider gendered pest control methods.…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kawarazuka et al (2020), women's failure to spray is due to limited financial resources, knowledge, and access to information (Kawarazuka et al 2020). Further, females and males were found to adopt different pest control methods (Kawarazuka et al 2020); hence, there is a need to assess and consider gendered pest control methods. In a study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, poor capital asset endowments, socio-economic factors, livelihood strategies, and transforming structures and processes were blamed for challenging investment opportunities of female farmers in rural communities (Sharaunga and Mudhara 2021).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered perception of change in prevalence of pests and management in Zimbabwe smallholder irrigation schemes

Mwadzingeni

Mugandani

Mafongoya

2022

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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A better understanding of gendered perception on the prevalence and management of pests in irrigated agriculture in the context of a changing climate can help recommend more gender-sensitive policies, particularly in smallholder farming systems. Limited studies have been conducted to assess gender differences in perception of the prevalence and management of pests among smallholder irrigation schemes especially in Zimbabwe. This study is the first one to assess gendered perceptions on the change in prevalence and management of pests in Exchange, Insukamini, and Ruchanyu irrigation schemes in Zimbabwe. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered using face-to-face interviews with participants. Data from focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used for validating data from questionnaire interviews. Mann-Whitney U test was employed to assess perception on the prevalence of pests between male and female farmers. Findings from this study depict that the females perceived a higher prevalence of bollworms (Helicoverpa armigera) (P ≤ 0.01), fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda) (P ≤ 0.01), red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) (P ≤ 0.01), and maize grain weevils (Sitophilus zeamais) (P ≤ 0.01) than males, while males perceive a higher prevalence of termites (Isoptera) (P ≤ 0.01) and cutworms (Noctuidae) (P ≤ 0.01) than females. Both male and female farmers perceived a greater increase in prevalence of aphids (Aphidoidea). Here, we show that farmers’ perceptions of changes in pest prevalence and pest management strategies differ by gender. Gender perception on change in prevalence of pests can be a valuable resource for the sustainable development of smallholder irrigation farming system and scientific research.

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“…However, Iradukunda et al (2019) observed that labor constraints of women in female-led households limits their adoption of SDSR practices, and gender norms played a role in Burundi. For instance, norms that prescribe certain managerial tasks like digging and cutting the stems to be performed by men only (Rietveld and Farnworth 2018a, b;Kawarazuka et al 2020) also affect adoption of control practices among women. Such norms can affect the adoption of both CDMU and SDSR.…”

Section: Reflections On Adoption Of Cdmu and Sdsrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing effectiveness, cost- and time-efficiency of control options for Xanthomonas wilt of banana under Rwandan agro-ecological conditions

Blomme

Dusingizimana²,

Ntamwira³

et al. 2021

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW) is a major disease affecting banana throughout East and Central Africa (ECA). Initial control was through complete diseased mat uprooting (CDMU), which had limited adoption due to high labour demands and cost. Further research demonstrated single diseased stem removal (SDSR) was an effective, less labour intensive and less costly alternative to CDMU. A comparative assessment of the two control practices was needed to foster uptake by policy makers, especially in countries like Rwanda where SDSR had not been tested or scaled up. To test SDSR in Rwanda, a study was conducted in farmers’ fields comparing the effectiveness, labour cost and time demands of CDMU and SDSR. SDSR was equally effective as CDMU for XW control, with initial XW incidences of 3.0 to 9.4% being reduced to <0.5% within 3 months of using either method. The major benefit of SDSR lies in its significantly lower resource requirements. The total time needed for applying SDSR on a single plant was 88% less, averaging 4.3 min (standard deviation, sd = 0.3) compared to 36.5 min (sd = 4.5) for CDMU on a complete mat. Accordingly, the cost of labour was significantly lower for SDSR. The main cost of CDMU (78% of total cost) arose from the need to replant with healthy banana plantlets. The total cost of SDSR (26 Rwandan Francs [Frw], sd = 2) was 96% lower than that for CDMU (619 Frw, sd = 27). Hence, the incentive to use SDSR for managing XW is very high. These findings will boost SDSR adoption by both policy makers and farmers in ECA.

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A Gender Perspective on Pest and Disease Management From the Cases of Roots, Tubers and Bananas in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Sustainable management of transboundary pests requires holistic and inclusive solutions

Sustainable management of transboundary pests requires holistic and inclusive solutions

Gendered perception of change in prevalence of pests and management in Zimbabwe smallholder irrigation schemes

Comparing effectiveness, cost- and time-efficiency of control options for Xanthomonas wilt of banana under Rwandan agro-ecological conditions

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