A general framework for representing, reasoning and querying with annotated Semantic Web data

Abstract

International audienceWe describe a generic framework for representing and reasoning with annotated Semantic Web data, a task becoming more important with the recent increased amount of inconsistent and non-reliable meta-data on the Web. We formalise the annotated language, the corresponding deductive system and address the query answering problem. Previous contributions on specific RDF annotation domains are encompassed by our unified reasoning formalism as we show by instantiating it on (i) temporal, (ii) fuzzy, and (iii) provenance annotations. Moreover, we provide a generic method for combining multiple annotation domains allowing to represent, e.g., temporally-annotated fuzzy RDF. Furthermore, we address the development of a query language – AnQL – that is inspired by SPARQL, including several features of SPARQL 1.1 (subqueries, aggregates, assignment, solution modifiers) along with the formal definitions of their semantics

Temporally Annotated Extended Logic Programs

“…In [8], the authors present a general framework for representing, reasoning, and querying with annotated data on the Semantic Web. They show that their formalism can be instantiated on the temporal, fuzzy, and provenance domain.…”

“…Unlike our work, their semantics is based on temporal intervals. Yet, [8] does not consider strong and weak negation and validity intervals on logic rules. Additionally, it does not support simple queries of type 4.…”

“…Moreover, our query answering is more efficient, since during query answering, we directly work on maximal temporal intervals. In [8], all temporal intervals returned by the query are considered and then the maximal ones are returned. Further, our semantics are different than [8].…”

“…In [8], all temporal intervals returned by the query are considered and then the maximal ones are returned. Further, our semantics are different than [8]. For example, consider the temporal RDF triples p(a,b) : [1990,2000] and q(c,d): [1995,2010].…”

“…For example, consider the temporal RDF triples p(a,b) : [1990,2000] and q(c,d): [1995,2010]. Then, according to [8] =[1990, 1994] and v(?i')= [1995,2010]. In our case, we will provide no answers, since 2000 > 1995.…”