A general procedure for estimation of corticosteroid response in individual rats

Keith, L; Winslow, JW; Reynolds, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/0039-128x(78)90034-x

Cited by 94 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The RIA, which was adapted from a previously described procedure (Keith et al, 1978), used [ 125 I] corticosterone (ICN Pharmaceuticals; Costa Mesa, CA), antiserum (Ventrex; Portland, ME), and standards (10 -10,000 pg) or samples. The specificity of the assay was very high, with only 4% cross-reactivity to deoxycorticosterone, 1% cross-reactivity to 5β-pregnanedione, and < 0.6% cross-reactivity to other endogenous steroids (Keith et al, 1978).…”

Section: Radioimmunoassay (Ria) For Plasma Hormone Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased anticonvulsant efficacy of allopregnanolone during ethanol withdrawal in female Withdrawal Seizure-Prone vs. Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice

Beckley¹,

Fretwell²,

Tanchuck³

et al. 2008

Neuropharmacology

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SUMMARYThe GABAergic neurosteroid allopregnanolone (ALLO) has been repeatedly shown to have an increased anticonvulsant effect during ethanol withdrawal in rats and in C57BL/6J mice. In contrast, the seizure prone DBA/2J inbred strain and the Withdrawal Seizure-Prone (WSP) selected line exhibited decreased sensitivity to ALLO's anticonvulsant effect during ethanol withdrawal, with no change in sensitivity in the Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant (WSR) line. To date, only male mice have been tested. Thus, the present study examined ALLO sensitivity during ethanol withdrawal in female WSP and WSR mice, since females display less severe physical symptoms of withdrawal and have higher circulating ALLO levels than males. Female WSP and WSR mice were exposed to ethanol vapor or air for 72 hr. During peak ethanol withdrawal, separate groups of mice were injected with vehicle or ALLO (0, 3.2, 10, or 17 mg/kg, ip) prior to the timed tail vein infusion of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). ALLO injection significantly increased the threshold dose for onset to PTZ-induced convulsions, indicating an anticonvulsant effect, in female WSP and WSR mice. During ethanol withdrawal, sensitivity to ALLO's anticonvulsant effect was slightly increased in female WSR mice but was significantly decreased in female WSP mice. This line difference in sensitivity to ALLO during ethanol withdrawal in female mice was similar to that in the male mice. Notably, all seizure prone genotypes tested to date displayed tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of ALLO during ethanol withdrawal, suggesting that decreased sensitivity of GABA A receptors to ALLO may contribute to the increased ethanol withdrawal phenotype.

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Section: Radioimmunoassay (Ria) For Plasma Hormone Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased anticonvulsant efficacy of allopregnanolone during ethanol withdrawal in female Withdrawal Seizure-Prone vs. Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice

Beckley¹,

Fretwell²,

Tanchuck³

et al. 2008

Neuropharmacology

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“…Samples were immersed in boiling water for 5 minutes to denature corticosterone-binding globulin. The RIA was adapted from a previously reported procedure (Keith et al, 1978) and employed [ 125 I] corticosterone from ICN Pharmaceuticals and antiserum from Ventrex (Portland, ME). Counts per minute were normalized and fit to a leastsquares regression equation produced by log-logit transformation of the standards (10-10,000 pg).…”

Section: Experiments 2: Hormone Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intraand inter-assay coefficients of variation were 2% and 17%, respectively, when calculated across 4 assays. The specificity of the assay was very high, with only 4% cross-reactivity to deoxycorticosterone, 1% cross-reactivity to 5β-pregnanedione, and <0.6% cross-reactivity to other endogenous steroids (Keith et al, 1978). …”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Sex differences in the effect of finasteride on acute ethanol withdrawal severity in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice

et al. 2007

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The neurosteroid allopregnanolone (ALLO) is a potent positive modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A ) receptors that can modulate ethanol (EtOH) withdrawal. The 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride can block the formation of ALLO and other GABAergic neurosteroids and also reduce certain effects of EtOH. Treatment with finasteride during chronic EtOH exposure decreased EtOH withdrawal severity and blood EtOH concentrations (BECs), suggesting an additional effect of finasteride on EtOH pharmacokinetics. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of finasteride on acute EtOH withdrawal severity, to minimize the effect of finasteride on EtOH metabolism. Male and female C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice received a pretreatment of finasteride (50 mg/kg i.p.) or vehicle 24 hours prior to an injection of EtOH (4 g/kg i.p.) or saline. Handlinginduced convulsions (HICs) were scored at baseline, and then over a 24 hr period after EtOH or saline injection. In another experiment, plasma estradiol and corticosterone levels were assessed at selected time points (0, 2, 8, and 24 hrs). In a final study, retro-orbital blood samples were collected at 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes post-EtOH administration to access finasteride's effects on EtOH clearance parameters. Pretreatment with finasteride increased acute EtOH withdrawal severity in female C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice but decreased withdrawal severity in male mice of both strains. Finasteride did not alter BECs, EtOH clearance, estradiol, or corticosterone concentrations in a manner that appeared to contribute to the sex difference in finasteride's effect on acute EtOH withdrawal severity. These findings suggest that male and female C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice differ in their sensitivity to changes in ALLO or other GABAergic neurosteroid levels during acute EtOH withdrawal. Sex differences in the modulation of GABAergic 5α-reduced steroids may be an important consideration in understanding and developing therapeutic interventions in alcoholics. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuroscience. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2008 May 25. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptThe progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone (ALLO; 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one) is a potent positive modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A ) receptors that exerts anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant, and locomotor stimulant effects in animals (Paul and Purdy, 1992;Lambert et al., 1995;Gasior et al., 1999;Rupprecht and Holsboer, 1999;Belelli and Lambert, ...

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“…Plasma corticosterone was determined by radioimmunoassay (32). The sensitivity of the assay was 1 ng/ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 1 receptor blockade attenuates the host inflammatory response.

Gershenwald

Fong

Fahey

et al. 1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

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Cytokines, including interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor a, and interleukin 6, are often produced in response to tissue injury and contribute to several host responses such as weight loss, anorexia, and acute-phase protein synthesis. However, the role of IL-1 in specific tissue responses is unclear. To test our hypothesis that specific in vivo blockade of IL-l's action might inhibit the catabolic host changes associated with inflammation, mice were passively immunized with a monoclonal antibody directed against the murine IL-1 receptor prior to initiation of a turpentine-induced sterile abscess. This antibody prevents IL-i-mediated proliferation of murine thymocytes in vitro by inhibiting IL-ia and IL-liS by way of competition for a common receptor. Weight loss following turpentine challenge-was prevented by daily injections of anti-IL-i receptor monoclonal IgG. Body composition analysis confirmed that lean tissue and fat were preserved by passive immunization. Furthermore, pretreatment with an anti-IL-i receptor monoclonal antibody significantly attenuated the plasma amyloid P and interleukin 6 responses but did not affect the decline in plasma albumin or the increase in circulating corticosterone. Passive immunization of similar mice with polyclonal antisera against another cytokine, tumor necrosis factor a, failed to prevent either the weight loss or hepatic acutephase protein changes observed in this inflammatory model. These findings suggest that IL-1 orchestrates weight loss and body compositional changes during inflammation and contributes to the induction of interleukin 6 and acute-phase protein synthesis.

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A general procedure for estimation of corticosteroid response in individual rats

Cited by 94 publications

References 5 publications

Decreased anticonvulsant efficacy of allopregnanolone during ethanol withdrawal in female Withdrawal Seizure-Prone vs. Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice

Decreased anticonvulsant efficacy of allopregnanolone during ethanol withdrawal in female Withdrawal Seizure-Prone vs. Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant mice

Sex differences in the effect of finasteride on acute ethanol withdrawal severity in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice

Interleukin 1 receptor blockade attenuates the host inflammatory response.

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