A general routine analysis of stack effect

Klote, John H

doi:10.6028/nist.ir.4588

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…This phenomenon is known as stack effect, stack action or chimney effect. Stack effect works best when the air intakes are as low as possible and the height of building spaces is as great as possible like multiple volume space design to induce stack effect (Klote, 1991). It creates excellent air pressure which causes upward and outward air flow.…”

Section: Cross Air Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Ventilation of Indoor Air Temperature: A Case Study of the Traditional Malay House in Penang

Hassan¹,

Ramli²

2010

American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: It was the aim of the study to analyze the level of performance of natural air ventilation with a case study of the traditional Malay house in Penang, Malaysia. This study provided information on the architectural design in relation to natural air ventilation. It promoted passive design in contrast to most housing design which has poor natural air ventilation because the design was orientated to energy consumption that slightly more than one third of the electric energy was used for heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems. Approach: This analysis used quantitative method which measured temperature, humidity and wind speed of the traditional house. The result indicated the level of performance of cross air ventilation and stack effect. Results: The analysis showed that the traditional house has a design integrated with natural air ventilation system. The indoor house temperature and relative humidity had slightly lower than its outdoor area. However, the indoor area had lower wind speed level than the outdoor area. Conclusion: The study showed that maximum openings on the building walls created high air intakes outside the house to give poor performance of stack effect. The design had more emphasis to cross air ventilation.

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Section: Cross Air Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Ventilation of Indoor Air Temperature: A Case Study of the Traditional Malay House in Penang

Hassan¹,

Ramli²

2010

American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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“…The previous studies on stack effect have mostly focused on its impacts on the crucial properties with respect to building fires such as the neutral plane [2,10,11] and gas temperature [2,12,13]. Klote [10] developed a computer program to estimate the neutral plane height by assuming uniform gas temperature in shafts. Zhang et al [11] indicated that the Klote model was only suitable for fire-free condition, thus they further developed a two-zone model to determine the location of neutral plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of relative location of two openings on fire and smoke behaviors in stairwell with a compartment

Wan

et al. 2015

International Journal of Thermal Sciences

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“…Mostly, they were interested in describing the smoke movement in a shaft. For instance, they described the vertical distributions of temperature and pressure, mass inflow rate, neutral plane location in the convection of a shaft (Yang et al, 2013), and they studied the convective flow and stack effect in a tall vertical shaft with differently heated walls (Klote, 1986(Klote, , 1991Mercier and Jaluria, 1999;Bratsun et al, 2003;Chow and Zhao, 2011), they even built a theoretical model for predicting the one-dimensional transient buoyant plume rise in a vertical shaft (Sun et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent smoke flow in evacuation staircases during a high-rise residential building fire

Chen

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2015

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &Amp; Fluid Flow

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of smoke flow in a typical high-rise residential building fire in six common smoke control systems. Design/methodology/approach -The pressure, temperature and CO 2 concentration were used to trace the motion of turbulent smoke flow through CFD. Findings -It is found that the hot smoke could rise up and spread into the indoor space on the upper floors through the staircase. When the pressure in the evacuation staircase is higher, it would be more difficult for the smoke to enter the staircase and transport vertically. On the other hand, the smoke would soon transport to the indoor space on the upper floors horizontally. During this process, the smoke shows a more disorder horizontal transport under the sole effect of thermal buoyancy than the co-existence of thermal buoyancy and the air inlet. Research limitations/implications -Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may need to be tested by further experiments. Practical implications -The paper includes implications for the design of smoke control systems and evacuation in a building fire. Originality/value -This paper fulfils an identified need to study the behavior of smoke in a fire and optimize the design of smoke control systems.

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A general routine analysis of stack effect

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Natural Ventilation of Indoor Air Temperature: A Case Study of the Traditional Malay House in Penang

Natural Ventilation of Indoor Air Temperature: A Case Study of the Traditional Malay House in Penang

Influence of relative location of two openings on fire and smoke behaviors in stairwell with a compartment

Turbulent smoke flow in evacuation staircases during a high-rise residential building fire

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