A General Strategy to Synthesize Ultrathin Palladium/Transition Metal Alloy Nanowires: Anti-Poisoned Electrocatalytic Performance for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic and Alkaline Media

Abstract

Cost-effective, active, and durable electrocatalyst is an integral requirement for a practical fuel cell. To achieve multifunctional electrocatalytic properties in one catalyst is always preferred. Inspired by the distinctive properties and outstanding catalytic performance of one-dimensional (1D) nanowires for electrocatalytic reactions, a one-pot, one-step noble metal-induced reduction method is reported to synthesize ultrathin diameter palladium-based multimetallic PdBiM (M = Mo, Mn, Co, Cu) alloy nanowires with excellent electrocatalytic performance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The synthesized alloy nanowires showed ORR and remarkable tolerance against the small molecular poisoning species (i.e., SO x , NO x , PO x , CO, etc.) in acidic and alkaline media. This work implicates a new direction for the controlled synthesis of multifunctional 1D alloy nanowires that may provide new openings for enhancing catalytic activities and tolerance against the poisoning species in the practical fuel cells.

The pronounced effect of cobalt oxide on the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles anchored on CoOx/NC towards the ORR with increased MA and ECSA

“…rule out the use of Pt as cathode catalyst for ORR. [9][10][11] The design of new palladium (Pd) based catalysts, has proved to be a good choice for catalysing the reduction of oxygen due to its resemblance with the intrinsic properties of benchmark metal i.e. ; platinum 3,12 including electronic structure and lattice parameters.…”

“…In our present report, we describe a simple, facile, and advantageous method without the use of capping agents 9 and oily solvents 27 for the synthesis of novel, highly stable, anti-poisoning and highly dispersed 5% Pd nanoparticles supported over transition metal oxide (CoOx) nanoparticles encapsulated by nitrogen doped tubular carbon derived from ZIF-12 as a highly efficient material for catalysing the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. The method presented here can be used for the production scale-up.…”

Identification of Catalytic Active Sites for Durable Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: Catalytic Degradation and Poisoning Perspectives

“…The ORR activities of PNC were all steadily stable in the presence of SO (50 × 10 -3 m Na 2 HPO 4 ), while the commercially available Pt/C was heavily poisoned under the same environment. [27] Wang's group [329] also observed a similar poisoning effect on commercial Pt and Pd-based electrocatalysts during ORR and proposed a new strategy to reduce the poisoning of Pd-based catalysts by alloying Pd with bimetals (PdBiCu) in the form of nanowires with ultrathin diameter. The PdBiCu nanowires showed the retention electrochemical ORR performance in the existence of SO 3…”

“…, NO 2 and HPO 4 2-, whereas the commercial Pt/C and Pd/C were poisoned by decreasing the half-wave potential as well as mass activity. [329] Hence, further studies are required to fully understand the role of heteroatoms in creating stable active sites in a non-noble metal catalyst during the ORR pathway using a simple and effective route.…”

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C Virtual Special Issue on “Energy and Catalysis in China”

“…The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the most critical electrocatalytic reaction in fuel cells due to its slow kinetics. This VSI includes 7 research papers about the development of efficient or stable ORR catalysts, ultrathin palladium/transition-metal alloy nanowires, Au-modified Pt–Co/C, Pt n Ni tetrahedrons, N , N -di­(2-picolyl)­ethylenediamine (DPEN)-modified Co corrole, Fe–N x –C or Co–N 4 single-atom catalysts, , and Co-, N-, and S-tridoped carbon frameworks for ORR as well as a review paper about non-precious-metal electrocatalysts . Moreover, the influence of the microstructures and transport properties of ionomer films on the performance of Pt single atom catalysts (SACs) in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has been reported .…”