Abstract. This work studies intensively the flow in fractures with
finite hydraulic conductivity intersected by a well injecting or producing at
constant pressure, either during an injection or production well test or the
operation of a production well. Previous investigations showed that for a
certain time the reciprocal of flow rate is proportional to the fourth root
of time, which is characteristic of the flow regime known as bilinear flow.
Using a 2D numerical model, we demonstrated that during the bilinear flow
regime the transient propagation of isobars along the fracture is
proportional to the fourth root of time. Moreover, we present relations to
calculate the termination time of bilinear flow under constant injection or
production well pressure as well as an expression for the bilinear
hydraulic diffusivity of fractures with finite hydraulic conductivity. To
determine the termination of bilinear flow regime, two different methods
were used: (a) numerically measuring the transient flow rate in the well and
(b) analyzing the propagation of isobars along the fracture. Numerical
results show that for low dimensionless fracture conductivities the
transition from bilinear flow to another flow regime (e.g., pseudo-radial
flow) occurs before the pressure front reaches the fracture tip, and for high
dimensionless fracture conductivities it occurs when the pressure front
arrives at the fracture tip. Hence, this work complements and advances
previous research on the interpretation and evaluation of well test analysis
under different reservoir conditions. Our results aim to improve the
understanding of the hydraulic diffusion in fractured geologic media, and as
a result they can be utilized for the interpretation of hydraulic tests, for
example to estimate the fracture length.
Highlights.
The reciprocal of flow rate is proportional to the fourth root
of time. The migration of isobars in the fracture is proportional to the
fourth root of time. For low dimensionless fracture conductivities, bilinear flow
ends before the pressure front reaches the fracture tip. For high dimensionless fracture conductivities, bilinear flow
ends when the pressure front reaches the fracture tip. Isobars accelerate when they approach the fracture tip.