SAE Technical Paper Series 2019
DOI: 10.4271/2019-01-1280
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A Generalized Component Efficiency and Input-Data Generation Model for Creating Fleet-Representative Vehicle Simulation Cases in VECTO

Abstract: The Vehicle Energy Consumption calculation Tool (VECTO) is used for the official calculation and reporting of CO2 emissions of HDVs in Europe. It uses certified input data in the form of energy or torque loss maps of driveline components and engine fuel consumption maps. Such data are proprietary and are not disclosed. Any further analysis of the fleet performance and CO2 emissions evolution using VECTO would require generic inputs or reconstructing realistic component input data. The current study attempts to… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…The energy audit confirms that the highest amount of energy is attributed to braking and highlights the significance of a representative driver model. The gearbox losses that have been calculated experimentally and could pose a level of uncertainty present a low share of the total energy losses, which is inline with other studies that calculated relative losses in the order of 2% (Zacharof et al, 2019). According to a study (Tansini et al, 2019) the highest amount of energy in HDVs is dissipated to the rolling resistance, air drag and braking.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 52%
“…The energy audit confirms that the highest amount of energy is attributed to braking and highlights the significance of a representative driver model. The gearbox losses that have been calculated experimentally and could pose a level of uncertainty present a low share of the total energy losses, which is inline with other studies that calculated relative losses in the order of 2% (Zacharof et al, 2019). According to a study (Tansini et al, 2019) the highest amount of energy in HDVs is dissipated to the rolling resistance, air drag and braking.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 52%
“…The remaining vehicles have EC from the auxiliaries very similar to the one of the baseline condition. For a more detailed engine modelling approach, which takes into consideration the engine operating condition for the estimation of the efficiency, the authors suggest to consult [10]. This approach relies on the concept of BMEP-FuMEP lines explained in [2], in which these lines were produced for every engine found in the VECTO data of the fleet, and whose result is an FC map that ensures good accuracy in estimating FC of HDTs in VECTO cycles.…”
Section: Calculation Of Co2 Emissionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This approach relies on the concept of BMEP-FuMEP lines explained in [2], in which these lines were produced for every engine found in the VECTO data of the fleet, and whose result is an FC map that ensures good accuracy in estimating FC of HDTs in VECTO cycles. In the new approach from [10], the slopes and offset of the lines obtained for every engine of the fleet were generalised and presented for engine clusters. With such a model, it is possible to generate an FC map by knowing just two inputs: engine capacity and maximum torque.…”
Section: Calculation Of Co2 Emissionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Actualmente, existen muchas tecnologías de vehículos pesados en el mercado que pueden usarse para alcanzar esos objetivos y existen algunas herramientas computacionales creadas para certificar que aquellos vehículos que han incorporado los paquetes de tecnología adecuados cumplen con los límites exigidos por las regulaciones promulgadas en algunos países. Dos de esas herramientas son GEM [1] creado por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental (EPA) de los Estados Unidos de América (EUA) y VECTO [2] desarrollado por la Unión Europea (UE). En México los autores han creado el programa computacional Modelo de Emisiones Resultantes de la Operación de vehículos pesados desarrollado en la UAM (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana) o UAMmero.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified