A Generalized DIF Effect Variance Estimator for Measuring Unsigned Differential Test Functioning in Mixed Format Tests

Penfield, Randall D.; Algina, James

doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.2006.00018.x

Cited by 67 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The MH LOR values can be interpreted as follow: (a) < 0.43 are considered indices of a negligible effect, (b) from 0.43 to 0.64 DIF has a moderate effect, and (c) equal 0.64 or higher are considered a large effect (Penfield and Algina, 2006). In addition, negative values indicate a bias against the reference group and positive values indicate a bias against the focal group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale function differently in old people with different levels of cognitive functioning?

Chiesi

Primi

Pigliautile

et al. 2018

Journal of Affective Disorders

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A B S T R A C TBackground: The 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) is widely employed to screen depression among elderly but little is known about the scale functioning in cognitively impaired individuals when compared to normal ones. The aim of the current study is to investigate Differential Item Functioning (DIF) across groups of older people that differ in terms of cognitive functioning applying Item Response Theory (IRT)-based analyses. Methods: Data from an Italian multi-centric clinical-based study on cognitive impairment and dementia in old people were employed (N = 1903; Age: M = 77.33, SD = 7.05, 62% women). All the participants underwent a comprehensive evaluation (including clinical examination, laboratory screening, neuroimaging, and cognitive and behavioral assessments) and they were assigned to three different groups on the basis of their cognitive functioning (normal, mild cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment) Results: Two items showed uniform DIF but their differential functioning does not propagate to the GDS-15 total scores in such a way that a differential interpretation is needed Limitations: Whereas an advantage of the study is the large sample size, the relatively small size of the mild cognitive impairment group might reduce the stability of the present results Conclusions: Since a screening tool for elderly is intended to apply to everyone in the target population, the current findings support the clinical utility of the GDS-15 as screening tool for depression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, we followed Penfield and Algina (2006) guidelines about Differential Test Functioning (DTF) to assess the impact of DIF items at the test level. When the variance of DIF effects (tau-squared) is approximately 0.14, DTF is large.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale function differently in old people with different levels of cognitive functioning?

Chiesi

Primi

Pigliautile

et al. 2018

Journal of Affective Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An index to measure the variance of differential test functioning (DTF) was proposed by Camilli and Penfield (1997) and then extended to mixed-format tests by Penfield and Algina (2006). Based on DTF, Penfield and Algina (2006) (Holland & Thayer, 1988).…”

Section: Nonparametric Odds Ratio Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on DTF, Penfield and Algina (2006) (Holland & Thayer, 1988). With this approach, the magnitude of DIF can be evaluated for both the test and its items, with the items being binary, polytomous, or a combination of the two.…”

Section: Nonparametric Odds Ratio Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this approach, the magnitude of DIF can be evaluated for both the test and its items, with the items being binary, polytomous, or a combination of the two. The DTF approach of Penfield and Algina (2006) is closely related to the Liu-Agresti estimator and Cox's β methods. Another MH-related advancement is the use of the Mantel test of linear association for analyzing polytomous items (Zwick et al, 1993).…”

Section: Nonparametric Odds Ratio Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Recent Developments in Differential Item Functioning

Mapuranga

Dorans

Middleton

2008

ETS Research Report Series

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In many practical settings, essentially the same differential item functioning (DIF) procedures have been in use since the late 1980s. Since then, examinee populations have become more heterogeneous, and tests have included more polytomously scored items. This paper summarizes and classifies new DIF methods and procedures that have appeared since the early 1990s and assesses their appropriateness for practical use. Widely used DIF methods are evaluated alongside these new methods for completeness, clarity, and comparability.

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Differential Item and Testlet Functioning Analysis

Jiao

Chen

2013

The Companion to Language Assessment

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Test fairness is a critical issue for any intended test use. When a test is fair, none of the examinee groups should be favored or disadvantaged. Differential item functioning (DIF) or differential testlet functioning (DTF) across subgroups of examinee population may not indicate bias, but should flag up the need for further scrutiny of the item content for any potential item bias. This chapter presents the statistical methods for DIF and DTF analysis as a tool for identifying potentially biased items in language assessment. The focus is on introducing the idea of latent differential functioning analyses in language assessments. The chapter starts with a review of the conventional DIF and DTF analysis methods based on manifest grouping variables. The necessity of latent differential functioning analysis, which borrows strength from both item response theory (IRT) and latent class analysis, is elaborated. An empirical example is used to illustrate different approaches to differential functioning analyses. The chapter ends with a discussion related to challenges and future research for DIF and DTF analyses in language assessments.

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A Generalized DIF Effect Variance Estimator for Measuring Unsigned Differential Test Functioning in Mixed Format Tests

Cited by 67 publications

References 41 publications

Does the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale function differently in old people with different levels of cognitive functioning?

Does the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale function differently in old people with different levels of cognitive functioning?

A Review of Recent Developments in Differential Item Functioning

Differential Item and Testlet Functioning Analysis

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