A generalized harmonic analysis of ultrasound waves propagating in cancellous bone

Maruo, Satoshi; Hosokawa, Atsushi

doi:10.7567/jjap.53.07kf06

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Generalized harmonic analysis begins by finding the frequency, amplitude, and phase of the sine wave that best matches the measured signal. It repeats this process on the residual and on subsequent residuals to generate a set of complex sine waves to approximate the measured signal [231].…”

Section: B Signal Processing For Separation Of Fast and Slow Havesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Interaction of Ultrasound With Cancellous Bone: A Review

Wear

2020

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Ultrasound is now a clinically-accepted modality in the management of osteoporosis. The most common commercial clinical devices assess fracture risk from measurements of attenuation and sound speed in cancellous bone. This review discusses fundamental mechanisms underlying the interaction between ultrasound and cancellous bone. Because of its two-phase structure (mineralized trabecular network embedded in soft tissue-marrow), its anisotropy, and its inhomogeneity, cancellous bone is more difficult to characterize than most soft tissues. Experimental data for the dependences of attenuation, sound speed, dispersion, and scattering on ultrasound frequency, bone mineral density, composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties are presented. The relative roles of absorption, scattering, and phase cancellation in determining attenuation measurements in vitro and in vivo are delineated. Common speed of sound metrics, which entail measurements of transit times of pulse leading edges (to avoid multipath interference), are greatly influenced by attenuation, dispersion, and system properties including center frequency and bandwidth. However, a theoretical model has been shown to be effective for correction for these confounding factors in vitro and in vivo. Theoretical and phantom models are presented to elucidate why cancellous bone exhibits negative dispersion, unlike soft tissue, which exhibits positive dispersion. Signal processing methods are presented for separating "fast" and "slow" waves (predicted by poro-elasticity theory and supported in cancellous bone) even when the two waves overlap in time and frequency domains. Models to explain dependences of scattering on frequency and mean trabecular thickness are presented and compared with measurements. Anisotropy, the effect of the fluid filler medium (marrow in vivo or water in vitro), phantoms, computational modeling of ultrasound propagation, acoustic microscopy, and nonlinear properties in cancellous bone are also discussed.

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Section: B Signal Processing For Separation Of Fast and Slow Havesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Interaction of Ultrasound With Cancellous Bone: A Review

Wear

2020

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…4. Here, N l = L/∆ is taken as 2 6 . Figure 5 shows the percentage error in the extracted normalized resonant frequen-…”

Section: Fundamental Mode Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient finite-difference time-domain computation of resonant frequencies of rectangular Lamé mode resonators via a combination of the symmetry boundary conditions and the Padé approximation

Yasui

Hasegawa

Hirayama

2015

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Resonant frequency analysis of the fundamental and higher-order modes of Lamé mode resonators on a lossless isotropic solid is carried out by the finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) method with the staggered grid with collocated grid points of velocities (SGCV). The symmetry boundary condition is implemented to reduce the size of the computational domain for the FD-TD method with the SGCV. One spectrum estimation technique based on the Padé approximation is employed to effectively extract the resonant frequencies from a spectrum transformed from the time series data calculated by the FD-TD method. Numerical results show the validity and efficiency of these techniques.

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“…Regrettably, this is not sufficiently investigated yet, although various investigations of ultrasound propagation phenomena in bone have been performed. [5][6][7][8] The piezoelectric effect of bone in relation to static and dynamic (around 2 kHz) stresses was observed more than 50 years ago 9,10) and was considered to be accompanied by bone formation. 11) Recently, it has been demonstrated that an electrical potential could be generated in bone by ultrasound irradiation in the MHz range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of piezoelectric effect of bone under ultrasound irradiation

Hosokawa

2015

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The piezoelectric effect of bone under ultrasound irradiation was numerically simulated using an elastic finite-difference time-domain method with piezoelectric constitutive equations (PE-FDTD method). First, to demonstrate the validity of the PE-FDTD method, the ultrasound propagation in piezoelectric ceramics was simulated and then compared with the experimental results. The simulated and experimental waveforms propagating through the ceramics were in good agreement. Next, the piezoelectric effect of human cortical bone on the ultrasound propagation was investigated by PE-FDTD simulation. The simulated result showed that the difference between the waveforms propagating through the bone without and with piezoelectricity was negligible. Finally, the spatial distributions of the electric fields in a human femur induced by ultrasound irradiation were simulated. The electric fields were changed by a bone fracture, which depended on piezoelectric anisotropy. In conclusion, the PE-FDTD method is considered to be useful for investigating the piezoelectric effect of bone.

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A generalized harmonic analysis of ultrasound waves propagating in cancellous bone

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Mechanisms of Interaction of Ultrasound With Cancellous Bone: A Review

Mechanisms of Interaction of Ultrasound With Cancellous Bone: A Review

Efficient finite-difference time-domain computation of resonant frequencies of rectangular Lamé mode resonators via a combination of the symmetry boundary conditions and the Padé approximation

Numerical simulation of piezoelectric effect of bone under ultrasound irradiation

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