A generalized Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated waveform for active sonar

2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)

Kuklinski

2019

Self Cite

This paper introduces a waveform design method using Multi-Tone Feedback Frequency Modulation (MT-FFM), a generalization of the single oscillator feedback FM method developed by Tomisawa [1]. The MT-FFM utilizes a collection of K harmonically related oscillators each governed by a design parameter z k which are utilized as a discrete set of parameters that may be modified to generate a richer set of modulation functions than in the single oscillator case. The resulting modulation function is represented using a form of Kapteyn series composed of Generalized Bessel Functions. This paper describes the structure of the MT-FFM waveform, derives the Kapteyn series representation of the waveform's modulation function, and demonstrates the design method with a waveform design example.

“…The result in (12) is the integral representation of the cylindrical Bessel function of the first kind divided by order m which simplifies (12) to…”

Section: The Multi-tone Feedback Fm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveform Design using Multi-Tone Feedback Frequency Modulation

2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)

Kuklinski

2019

Self Cite

“…The MTSFM model has existed since at least the 1940's where it was used for the analysis of the spectra of arbitrary FM signals for use in analog communication systems [25]. More recently, the author first utilized the MTSFM model to represent a class of Generalized Sinusoidal FM (GSFM) waveforms [26]. Representing the modulation and phase functions of the GSFM waveform family allowed for deriving precise closed-form expressions for their spectra and AFs.…”

Section: Cpm Using the Mtsfm Waveform Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmit waveform design using Multi-Tone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulation

2017 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)

2017

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This paper presents a method for generating a family of waveforms with low in-band Auto/Cross-Correlation Function (ACF/CCF) properties using the Multi-Tone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (MTSFM) waveform model. The MTSFM waveform's modulation function is represented using a Fourier series expansion. The Fourier coefficients are utilized as a set of discrete parameters that can be modified to optimize the waveform family's properties. The waveforms' ACF/CCF properties are optimized utilizing a multi-objective optimization problem. Each objective function is weighted to place emphasis on either low ACF or CCF sidelobes. The resulting optimized MTSFM waveforms each possess a thumbtack-like Ambiguity Function in addition to the specifically designed ACF/CCF properties. Most importantly, the resulting MTSFM waveform families possess both ideally low Peak-to-Average Power Ratios (PAPR) and high Spectral Efficiency (SE) making them well suited for transmission on practical radar transmitters.

“…This paper experimentally evaluates the performance of the Generalized Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (GSFM) waveform, a novel FM transmit waveform for active sonar 1,2 . Unlike the SFM whose Instantaneous Frequency (IF) function is a constant frequency sine wave, the GSFM modifies its IF function to resemble the time/voltage characteristic of a Linear FM (LFM) chirp waveform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental evaluation of the generalized sinusoidal frequency modulated waveform for active sonar systems

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Buck

2019

Self Cite

This paper experimentally evaluates the Generalized Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (GSFM) waveform, a generalization of the Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (SFM) waveform. The Instantaneous Frequency (IF) of the GSFM resembles the time/voltage characteristic of a Linear FM (LFM) chirp waveform. Consequently, the GSFM possesses an Ambiguity Function (AF) that resembles a thumbtack shape. Practical sonar system design must consider two factors beyond the AF. The spectral efficiency (SE), defined as the ratio of energy in an operational frequency band to the total waveform energy, is another important metric for waveform design. The Peak-to-Average-Power Ratio (PAPR) quantifies how close the waveform is to constant amplitude. These measures predict a waveform's energy efficiency and ability to be accurately replicated on practical piezoelectric transducers, which have limits on both their bandwidth and maximum transmit power. This paper explores these design considerations for the GSFM waveform and evaluates its performance against a host of other well established waveforms using simulated and experimental acoustic data. The GSFM possesses superior SE, PAPR, and overall energy efficiency when compared to thumbtack waveforms.