A Generic Approach to Functionalizing Aromatic Polyimides for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics

Yu, Dongbo; Gharavi, Alireza; Yu, Luping

doi:10.1021/ma00107a017

Cited by 79 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Organic materials, on the other hand, offer advantages of large susceptibility, high laser damage threshold, faster response time, versatility of molecular structural modifications. Therefore, recently growing research efforts have been directed to organic materials, among which polymeric materials have attracted great interest considering their practical utility in fabrication of optical quality thin films for device applications [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of thermally stable new polyurethanes containing nitro-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole chromophores for second order nonlinear optical applications

Tasaganva

Doddamani

Inamdar

2015

Optik

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of thermally stable new polyurethanes containing nitro-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole chromophores for second order nonlinear optical applications

Tasaganva

Doddamani

Inamdar

2015

Optik

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“…The diamino monomer with the chromophore of disperse red 1 was synthesized by an approach described previously (2,5,6). The 1,4-phenylenediamine was purified by recrystallization from methanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of polyimide PI 1 was described in the previous paper (2)(3). The following polymerization procedure exemplifies the synthesis of copolyimides PI 2ζά· To a solution of diamino monomer 1 (0.1825 g, 0.434 mmol) and 1,4-phenylenediamine (0.0156 g, 0.145 mmol) in 5 mL NMP at 0 °C was added 4, 4 , -(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) (0.2571 g, 0.579 mmol) under nitrogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another attractive feature is that the high thermal stability of the polyimides enables them to survive at the elevated temperatures during the fabrication and operation in the integrated optoelectric devices. In previous work, we described a general approach to synthesize a series of aromatic polyimides functionalized with pendant NLO chromophores (2)(3). The structure-property relationship of the polyimides has been systematically studied.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Highly Stable Copolyimides for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics

Gharavi

et al. 1997

ACS Symposium Series

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Nonlinear optical (NLO) copolyimides exhibiting high glass transition temperatures (Tg) and high thermal stabilities were synthesized. The relationship between the chromophore loading level and the physical properties of the copolymers was studied. It was found that decreasing the chromophore loading level increased the glass transition temperature more than 40 °C. As a result, the thermal stability of the electric field induced dipole orientation of the nonlinear optical chromophores tethered in the polyimides was enhanced. At 180 °C, the second harmonic generation (SHG) signal maintained 85 % of the initial value after 700 h. Sizable second harmonic coefficients (d 33 : 146-32 pm/V) and electro-optic coefficients (r 33: 3~25 pm/V at 1300 nm) were obtained.Polyimides, especially aromatic polyimides, are of growing interest in the investigation of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials because of their high glass transition temperatures which can be utilized to stabilize the dipole orientation of the NLO chromophore at high temperatures (7-5). Another attractive feature is that the high thermal stability of the polyimides enables them to survive at the elevated temperatures during the fabrication and operation in the integrated optoelectric devices. In previous work, we described a general approach to synthesize a series of aromatic polyimides functionalized with pendant NLO chromophores (2-3). The structure-property relationship of the polyimides has been systematically studied. We observed that the polyimides with the same NLO chromophore but different dianhydrides have distinct physical properties, such as thermal properties and optical nonlinearities. It was also found that these functionalized polyimides exhibit glass transition temperatures which are consistently lower than the corresponding nonfunctionalized polyimides. It can be expected that if the common diamino monomers, for example, 1, 4-phenylenediamine, are used together with diamino monomers bearing NLO chromophore and corresponding dianhydrides, copolyimides with NLO properties can be synthesized. This copolymerization approach will offer the opportunity to study the effects of the chromophore loading level on the glass transition temperature (Tg), the thermal stability and the optical nonlinearity (the chromophore loading level is defined as the weight percentage of the

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“…In order to be usable as a material in optical devices, the NLO polymer should be chemically and physically stable (Den Broeck et al 1999). Therefore, most of the investigations reported have focused on polymers with a high glass transition temperature (Verbiest and Burland 1995;Yu et al 1995) or crosslinked polymers (Godt et al 1995;Serhatli et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NLO polymers based on cellulose diacetate and a cationic chromophore

Zhou

2006

Cellulose

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An attempt has been made to prepare second-order nonlinear optic (NLO) materials based on cellulose diacetate and melamine derivatives. The NLO cationic chromophore, composed of 1,3-dimethyl-2-(4¢-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-azo-imidazole chloride and small amounts of 1,3-dimethyl-2-(4¢-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-azo-imidazole methylsulfate, was incorporated into a crosslink network formed from the reaction of cellulose diacetate with trimethylol melamine or hexamethylol melamine. The poled and cured NLO materials exhibited an electro-optic coefficient (r 13 ) of 1.03 or 1.42 pm/V, respectively, at the laser wavelength 1550 nm and a modulation frequency of 12.7 kHz; the r 13 values decreased to 97% or 86.6%, respectively, of the initial values after 4 days. The laser transmission loss was 0.58 or 0.6 dB, respectively. The crosslinked materials showed better temporal stability than the material of the host/ guest system with a doped cationic chromophore. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dielectric relaxation and thermogravimetry analyses proved the formation of a crosslink structure, and the degree of dielectric relaxation was shown to became higher if a crosslinker of too high functionality was used.

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A Generic Approach to Functionalizing Aromatic Polyimides for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics

Cited by 79 publications

References 1 publication

Synthesis of thermally stable new polyurethanes containing nitro-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole chromophores for second order nonlinear optical applications

Synthesis of thermally stable new polyurethanes containing nitro-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole chromophores for second order nonlinear optical applications

Highly Stable Copolyimides for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics

NLO polymers based on cellulose diacetate and a cationic chromophore

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