A generic method for interfacing IEDs using low voltage interfaces to real-time simulators with hardware in the loop

Piesciorovsky, Emilio C.; Smith, Travis; Mukherjee, Srijib; Marshall, Mike

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2021.107431

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The polarity for the analog signals of IEDs could depend on possible wrong cable connection scenarios at the MATLAB/Simulink model, analog cards, Therefore, using the low-voltage level interface to connect IEDs with RTSs is recommended. If the labeled pinouts or voltage and current scaling factors are not available for IEDs, the low-voltage interface of IEDs can be found [35]. In addition, if IEDs at an ESGT were used with high-precision current and voltage amplifiers [36], that would represent a costly alternative to build a testbed because 12 amplifiers for each IEDs would be needed to measure three phase currents and voltages at both sides of the breaker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment and Commissioning of Electrical Substation Grid Testbed with a Real-Time Simulator and Protective Relays/Power Meters in the Loop

et al. 2023

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Electrical utility substations are wired with intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), such as protective relays, power meters, and communication switches. Substation engineers commission these IEDs to assess the appropriate measurements for monitoring, control, power system protection, and communication applications. Like real electrical utility substations, complex electrical substation grid testbeds (ESGTs) need to be assessed for measuring current and voltage signals in monitoring, power system protection, control (synchro check), and communication applications that are limited by small-measurement percentage errors. In the process of setting an ESGT with real-time simulators and IEDs in the loop, protective relays, power meters, and communication devices must be commissioned before running experiments. In this study, an ESGT with IEDs and distributed ledger technology was developed. The ESGT with a real-time simulator and IEDs in the loop was satisfactorily assessed and commissioned. The commissioning and problem-solving tasks of the testbed are described to define a method with flowcharts to assess possible troubleshooting in ESGTs. This method was based on comparing the simulations versus IED measurements for the phase current and voltage magnitudes, three-phase phasor diagrams, breaker states, protective relay times with selectivity coordination at electrical faults, communication data points, and time-stamp sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes, current and voltage scaling factors are not provided by IED' manufactures, and the low-voltage level interface is not an option. However, the current and voltage scaling factors and unknown pinouts of low-voltage interfaces for IEDs can be obtained by a practical method [35].…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment and Commissioning of Electrical Substation Grid Testbed with a Real-Time Simulator and Protective Relays/Power Meters in the Loop

et al. 2023

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“…Many other assets have been developed and have been increasingly installed in power systems to achieve the socalled smart grids. It is worth recalling smart meters and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) [7,8]. In addition, traditional inductive instrument transformers (ITs) are being progressively replaced by Low Power Instrument Transformers (LPITs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Distorted Currents Measured by Rogowski Coils

Costa

Mingotti

Peretto

et al. 2022

2022 20th International Conference on Harmonics &Amp; Quality of Power (ICHQP)

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The necessity of accelerating towards carbon neutrality has been further pushed in recent times. Therefore, with the aim of developing smart grids, new Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) are being widely installed. In this regard, Low Power Current Transformers (LPCTs) are replacing traditional inductive current transformers (CTs). Among these, Rogowski coils feature high linearity, reduced dimensions, and wide bandwidth in comparison to CTs. Hence, this work presents a study on a particular type of LPCT, the Rogowski coil, which is extensively used nowadays. In detail, temperature and humidity are simultaneously applied to three commercial Rogowski coils when measuring off-nominal, hence distorted, currents. The LPCTs performances are evaluated in terms of power quality indexes, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and single harmonic evaluation. From the results, THD is not significantly affected by the combined temperature/humidity presence. However, a deep analysis on the single harmonic demonstrated how they are strongly correlated to such influence quantities. It is interesting to highlight that each of the three devices under test present different behaviors. It is then crucial to in deep the investigation on the influence quantities affecting LPCTs. Furthermore, International Standards should include new details and test procedures to assess the effect on the LPCTs accuracy due to such quantities.

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Advanced Switchgear Signals Simulator for a Distribution Substation Model

Höger¹,

Regula²,

Bracinik³

2023

2023 27th International Conference Electronics

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A generic method for interfacing IEDs using low voltage interfaces to real-time simulators with hardware in the loop

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment and Commissioning of Electrical Substation Grid Testbed with a Real-Time Simulator and Protective Relays/Power Meters in the Loop

Assessment and Commissioning of Electrical Substation Grid Testbed with a Real-Time Simulator and Protective Relays/Power Meters in the Loop

Combined Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Distorted Currents Measured by Rogowski Coils

Advanced Switchgear Signals Simulator for a Distribution Substation Model

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