A Generic Tool for Cost Estimating in Aircraft Design

Castagne, Sylvie; Curran, Richard; Rothwell, A.; Price, Marc; Bénard, Emmanuel; Raghunathan, Srinivasan

doi:10.2514/6.2004-6235

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is very good for new products. Parametric cost analysis consists of equations or cost estimation relationships that describe relationships between cost and measurable attributes of systems (Castagne et al 2008). This method is not very good for product utilizing new technologies.…”

Section: The Parametric Design Adaptation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric design adaptation for competitive products

Yassine

2010

J Intell Manuf

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Very often product development is seen as a process where designers iterate through several design cycles until they converge upon a design that satisfies all of the necessary requirements-design within a single generation. If one takes the view that products change (i.e. adapt and evolve), a broader view must be adopted to capture the drivers of design adaptation across multiple product generations. This paper offers a new multi-generation conceptual framework of parametric design adaptation for consumer products, called the Artisan-Patron (AP) framework, and a complementary computational model. The AP framework captures the interaction between manufacturers (the Artisan) and consumers (the Patron) by structuring the various relevant information (e.g., consumer taste, government policy, cost of raw materials, etc.). Additionally, based on this framework, a corresponding computational model is developed, which allows engineers to find optimal settings for the design variables in a dynamic multi-generation environment. The utility of the conceptual framework and the computational model is demonstrated by considering the parametric design adaptation of the automobile with respect to two design parameters-engine horsepower and weight-based on historical automotive industry data. List of symbols NTotal number of competitive products (or manufacturers) within a given productFuel economy at 0-60 mph acceleration time sfMeasure of safety which is related to the fatality rate in two-car crashes hpVehicle aggregate horsepower wVehicle weight A Set of critical-to-value attributes (CVA) in a productperformance z a,I Ideal attribute setting where the consumer is unwilling to pay for further improvement z a,C Critical setting for attributes where the consumer is unwilling to purchase the product even if all other attributes are at an ideal setting z a,0 Baseline attribute settings (i.e. for the baseline product) z f e t Estimated average fuel economy (fe) at time t z at t Estimated average acceleration time (at) at time t z s f t Estimated average safety (sf) at time t z C AF E t Sales-weighted (car & truck) adjusted fuel economy standard for the manufacturer's product mix at time t R z A i,t Reward value based on z A i,t 123 542 J Intell Manuf (2012) 23:541-559 R z A i,t Estimate of R z A i,t B Set of decision/design variables in a product design b A single decision variable, b ∈ B x B i,tVector of design or decision variables for product i at time t:t ) Upper (and lower) bounds on design variables of product i at time t x hp t Vehicle aggregate horsepower at time t x w t Vehicle aggregate weight at time t ccost (estimate) for product i at time t c weight t Estimated cost as a function of overall automobile weight at time t (average for all manufacturers) c engine t Estimated cost associated with delivering engine horsepower at time t (average for all manufacturers) c C AF E t Estimated CAFE policy penalty formula at time t (average for all manufacturers) V 0 Baseline value (i.e. at reference point) V i,t Value of product i ...

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Section: The Parametric Design Adaptation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric design adaptation for competitive products

Yassine

2010

J Intell Manuf

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“…Cost is often viewed as a method of ensuring reliable capital and operating cost assessment, but alternative methodologies such as the genetic causal costing model 16,17 require knowledge of the system architecture and are a prime example of currently evolving methodologies which are reliant upon an understanding of the entire system design.…”

Section: Balance Between Reductionistic and Holistic System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Interfaces in Engineering Systems

et al. 2006

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The behavior of engineering systems arises as a direct result of interactions and interfaces between components. Whereas many of these intercomponent dependencies are easily identifiable, many others are obscure, often occurring as a result of technical interactions between remote entities. The identification and management of system interactions forms a major part of the systems engineering practices for system architecture, but methodologies for effective identification and management of interactions arising as a result of technical interfaces are still problematic. A methodology is developed for aircraft systems that identifies analysis-dependent system linkages. The result is the capability to assess the effect of analysis fidelity on system design. Nomenclature= coordinates in the x plane y n = coordinates in the y plane α i = induced angle of attack α eff = effective angle of attack α n = angle of attack = circulation ρ = density φ le = leading edge radius Generalized System Parameters A( ) = operation on a set c s = system characteristics D( ) = set of input parameters, ζ F( ) = set of output parameters, ξ f objf = objective function p s = system parameters ζ = input parameter set ξ = output parameter set

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“…A detailed bottom-up cost prediction is performed using SEER-HTM commercial costing software (35) coupled with a comprehensive costing methodology for skin-stringer panels developed by Castagne et al (36) . This costing methodology is developed according to a hierarchical basis, and it is based on a cost modelling that relies on a genetic-causal method where the drivers of each element of cost are identified relative to the process capability (36) . It is developed mainly for cost estimation of skin-stringer panels made from Aluminium alloys, but is sufficiently generic such that it is open to modification using appropriate correction and scaling factors.…”

Section: Case-study Cost Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design and sizing of airframe panels according to safe-life acoustic fatigue criteria

Ajaj¹,

Allegri

Isikveren

2011

Aeronaut. j.

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This paper presents a methodology that permits accounting for acoustic fatigue effects when sizing safe-life structural skin-stringer panels at the conceptual design stage of aircraft product development. The approach is based upon estimation of the maximum noise radiated from an entry-into-service year 2020 turbofan. Sonic fatigue endurance is assessed for different skin-stringer panels having different values of skin thickness, rib pitch and stringer pitch. Three different materials were considered in this study: aluminium 2024-T3 alloys (Al 2024-T3); carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP); and, glass reinforced fibre metal laminate (Hybrid Glare-3). The study resulted in CFRP having the most favourable sonic fatigue performance. In order to link economic considerations into technical decision making, the sonic endurance methods were coupled with an industry grade costing analysis tool (SEER-HTM) to examine the impact of safe-life design on the panel cost and weight. The presented methodology has been shown to be sufficiently generic in nature and robust. This will not only assist in identifying acoustic fatigue as a potential critical design scenario, but will also increase throughput during conceptual design sizing and optimisation.

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A Generic Tool for Cost Estimating in Aircraft Design

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Parametric design adaptation for competitive products

Parametric design adaptation for competitive products

Identifying Interfaces in Engineering Systems

Conceptual design and sizing of airframe panels according to safe-life acoustic fatigue criteria

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