A genetic model of hydrocarbon-derived carbonate chimneys in shelfal fine-grained sediments: The Enza River field, Northern Apennines (Italy)

Oppo, Davide; Capozzi, Rossella; Picotti, Vincenzo; Ponza, Alessio

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.03.002

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Best fit forward models of deformed growth strata for the Enza and Panaro transects (Figure 2). The geometry of the growth strata in these forward models matches those observed in subsurface seismic data and published cross sections (Figure 2; Oppo et al, , ), and the surface bedding within ±3°. The surface bedding measurements are illustrated on the cross sections by surface dip markers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…We followed an approach similar to Gunderson et al () in building structural models for the Enza and Panaro sections. First, we correlated growth strata measured at the surface into the subsurface using cross sections that were constructed with publicly available seismic and well data (Figure 2; Oppo et al, , ) to constrain the subsurface geometry and the location of the fault tips. A series of forward models were then created that modeled slip on the blind thrusts with folding occurring in the growth strata above the fault tips using trishear fault‐related folding kinematics (Erslev, ) to replicate the interpreted surface and subsurface geometry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth strata exposed in the Panaro River (this study) and fluvial terraces above the Castelvetro anticline (Figure 2c; Ponza et al, ) record the deformational history of the mountain front at this location. The geometry of all three structures are well constrained from industry seismic data and wells (Oppo et al, , ). A recent uplift of the entire orogenic wedge, including the fault‐related folds described above, is proposed to have resulted from post‐Pliocene slip on the Pedeapenninic thrust fault (PTF), which is a crustal‐scale, thick‐skinned fault (Boccaletti et al, ; Picotti & Pazzaglia, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrinsically Variable Blind Thrust Faulting

et al. 2018

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We propose that most fault slip rate variability across a range of time and spatial scales is due to intrinsic faulting processes, rather than extrinsic changes in surface loads or stress boundary conditions. This hypothesis is tested by comparing very high geologic resolution slip histories of blind thrust faults from three transects in the Northern Apennines, Italy. We investigated whether these slip histories document synchronous, or independent, behavior of the disconnected, blind thrust faults that core mountain front anticlines bordering the Po foreland. The slip history for these thrusts is reconstructed by applying forward structural modeling to deformed growth strata and fluvial terraces preserved on the limbs of the growing anticlines. We present a new age model using magnetostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy for a section of growth strata exposed in the Panaro River and supplement this with age models for two other published transects. The blind thrust fault at each transect exhibits variable slip behavior over the past 3 Myr, but for most of that time the variability was both asynchronous and independent of boundary condition changes, such as Plio-Pleistocene sediment accumulation variability. However, a major deceleration in slip rates at all three locations is temporally coincident with the overfilling of the Po foreland beginning in the early Pleistocene. We attribute the deceleration to a switch from shortening on shallowly detached thrusts to shortening on a crustal-scale basement-involved fault. This switch has implications for the time and spatial scales at which extrinsic boundary conditions may contribute to deformation variability.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrinsically Variable Blind Thrust Faulting

et al. 2018

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“…This interpretation, already proposed by Clari et al (2004) and further confirmed for other fossil cylindrical concretions (e.g. Nyman et al, 2010;Oppo et al, 2015), is in agreement with the U-series datings provided by Bayon et al (2013) on modern chimneys in the Mediterranean. 3.…”

Section: Model Of Formationsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Sulphate ions, requested for sustaining AOM, are replenished in the very shallow sub-seafloor from seawater and/or sucked upwards from sulphate-rich pore waters surrounding the pipe walls (e.g. O'Hara et al, 1995;Mastalerz et al, 2007). This interpretation, already proposed by Clari et al (2004) and further confirmed for other fossil cylindrical concretions (e.g.…”

Section: Model Of Formationmentioning

confidence: 52%

Sluggish and steady focussed flows through fine-grained sediments: The methane-derived cylindrical concretions of the Tertiary Piedmont Basin (NW Italy)

Cavagna

Clari

Pierre

et al. 2015

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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a b s t r a c tIn the Cenozoic succession of the Tertiary Piedmont Basin (NW Italy) a wide array of methane-derived carbonate rocks including both seafloor and sub-seafloor products have been reported in the last decades. The most intriguing features are cylindrical concretions, more than 1 m long and around 10 cm across, that were found within fine-grained sediments of Messinian age in their original stratigraphic position, crossing the bedding planes at high angles. These concretions result from cementation of the host muddy sediments by intergranular dolomite microcrystals, and lack any evidence of exposure at the sea floor. Their C and O stable isotope signature suggests that dolomite precipitation was induced by anaerobic oxidation of methane, possibly sourced by gas hydrate destabilization. Such cylindrical morphologies are interpreted as the result of carbonate precipitation and cementation of the sediments around fluid conduits and record a relatively long period of steady, sluggish flux of methane-rich fluids that opened their way rising up through fine-grained unconsolidated sediments. They formed immediately below the sea floor, in a narrow horizon bracketed between the sulphateemethane interface and the oxic/anoxic interface. Cylindrical concretions represent only the highest part of pipes through which methane-rich fluids flowed up. The deeper part of the conduits, conversely, left no trace in the stratigraphic record because of the lack of chemical/microbiological conditions favourable for carbonate precipitation.

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