A Genome Scanning Approach to Assess the Genetic Effects of Radiation in Mice and Humans

Asakawa, Jun‐ichi; Kuick, Rork; Kodaira, Mieko; Nakamura, Nori; Katayama, Hiroaki; Pierce, Donald A.; Funamoto, Sachiyo; Preston, Dale L.; Satoh, Chiyoko; Neel, James V.; Hanash, Samir M.

doi:10.1667/rr3146

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…16) Results in mouse offspring derived from irradiated spermatogonia indicate that the mean mutation induction rate (mutations per generation per unit dose of radiation) at about 1,000 loci (GC-rich Not I restriction sites) in the genome is considerably lower than the mean rate found at the 7 genes that were widely used at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by Russell and coworkers. 16) The discrepancy between our results and those of Russell and coworkers is due to the inclusion of the s and d loci (which turned out to be extremely sensitive to radiation induced mutations) among the 7 loci; this inflated the average induced mutation rate estimated with the 7-loci method. The mean mutation induction rate at the remaining 5 loci is similar to the mean rate at 1,000 genes.…”

Section: Two-dimensional Dna Electrophoresis In the Offspring Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Effects of Radiation in Atomic-bomb Survivors and Their Children: Past, Present and Future

Nakamura

2006

JRR

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Genetic studies in the offspring of atomic bomb survivors have been conducted since 1948 at the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission and its successor, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation, in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Past studies include analysis of birth defects (untoward pregnancy outcome; namely, malformation, stillbirth, and perinatal death), chromosome aberrations, alterations of plasma and erythrocyte proteins as well as epidemiologic study on mortality (any cause) and cancer incidence (the latter study is still ongoing). There is, thus far, no indication of genetic effects in the offspring of survivors. Recently, the development of molecular biological techniques and human genome sequence databases made it possible to analyze DNA from parents and their offspring (trio-analysis). In addition, a clinical program is underway to establish the frequency of adult-onset multi-factorial diseases (diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease etc) in the offspring. The complementary kinds of data that will emerge from this three-pronged approach (clinical, epidemiologic, and molecular aspects) promise to shed light on health effects in the offspring of radiation-exposed people.

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Section: Two-dimensional Dna Electrophoresis In the Offspring Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean mutation induction rate at the remaining 5 loci is similar to the mean rate at 1,000 genes. 16) …”

Section: Two-dimensional Dna Electrophoresis In the Offspring Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Effects of Radiation in Atomic-bomb Survivors and Their Children: Past, Present and Future

Nakamura

2006

JRR

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“…In recent years, various new molecular technologies have been developed, one of which is the Restriction Landmark Genome Scanning method (i.e., two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of radio-labeled DNA fragments or 2DE of DNA), making it possible to examine over 1,000 genomic sites for each individual. We previously reported on radiation effects on spermatogonia in mice using the 2DE method to analyze DNA (7,8), and in this current study, we present data on immature oocytes in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Mutagenic Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Immature Rat Oocytes

Asakawa

Kamiguchi

Kamiya³

et al. 2014

Radiation Research

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“…Another observation is that the 2DE method with 32 Plabeled DNA is sensitive enough to detect small deletions, while mutation induction rates at CG-rich (gene rich) and AT-rich (gene poor) sequences did not show any differences (36,49). Thus, no evidence was obtained to indicate that many deletions occurring in gene-rich regions were negatively selected.…”

Section: Likelihood Of Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conditions were considered to be surmountable if a large number of genes could be tested in each animal, and it would then become possible to conduct genetic studies in modestly equipped laboratories. In a step toward achieving this goal, the two-dimensional gel electrophoretic (2DE) method using 32 P-labeled DNA was chosen at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (35,36). With this technique, 32 P-labeled DNA fragments are visualized as dark spots on autoradiograms.…”

Section: A Path Toward Testing Many Genes Simultaneouslymentioning

confidence: 99%