A genome-wide approach to the comprehensive analysis of GASA gene family in Glycine max

Ahmad, Muhammad Zulfiqar; Sana, Aiman; Jamil, Arshad; Nasir, Jamal; Ahmed, Shakeel; Hameed, Muhammad Uzair; Abdullah, Abdullah

doi:10.1007/s11103-019-00883-1

Cited by 52 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to phylogenetic analysis of GASA genes, grape is more phylogenetically related with Arabidopsis. As far as the number of genes in subgroups are concerned, we observed the previous trend [17,18]: Group 3 contained the most (six) genes, whereas G2 contained the least (three) number of genes. According to this study, group 2 is more conserved with regard to exon-intron numbers or conserved motifs, suggesting that during the evolutionary process, other groups (G1 and 3) have either gained or lost exons leading to the difference in the number of exon-introns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Expression profiling of genes in different plant parts and organs can provide important clues for their functional characterization. In different plant species, GASA genes have shown their spatiotemporal specificity, probably due to their involvement in different hormonal signaling pathways [7,18]. In previous findings, exogenous application of GA increased expression of GsGASA1 in leaves but down-regulated its expression in roots of the soybean [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the recent past, several studies focused on the functional characterization of these low molecular weight peptide-proteins in different plant species such as Arabidopsis, tomato, rice, potato, maize, wheat, apple, soybean, rubber plant, gerbera, strawberry, French bean, beechnut, pepper, and petunia [5,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Different studies found that GASA genes have potential roles in flower induction, seed size, seed development, and fruit size regulation, e.g., in Arabidopsis, overexpression of GASA4 positively affected seed size, seed weight, and seed yield [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

Ahmad

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Members of the plant-specific GASA (gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis) gene family have multiple potential roles in plant growth and development, particularly in flower induction and seed development. However, limited information is available about the functions of these genes in fruit plants, particularly in grapes. We identified 14 GASA genes in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and performed comprehensive bioinformatics and expression analyses. In the bioinformatics analysis, the locations of genes on chromosomes, physiochemical properties of proteins, protein structure, and subcellular positions were described. We evaluated GASA proteins in terms of domain structure, exon-intron distribution, motif arrangements, promoter analysis, phylogenetic, and evolutionary history. According to the results, the GASA domain is conserved in all proteins and the proteins are divided into three well-conserved subgroups. Synteny analysis proposed that segmental and tandem duplication have played a role in the expansion of the GASA gene family in grapes, and duplicated gene pairs have negative selection pressure. Most of the proteins were predicted to be in the extracellular region, chloroplasts, and the vacuole. In silico promoter analysis suggested that the GASA genes may influence different hormone signaling pathways and stress-related mechanisms. Additionally, we performed a comparison of the expression between seedless (Thompson seedless) and seeded (Red globe) cultivars in different plant parts, including the ovule during different stages of development. Furthermore, some genes were differentially expressed in different tissues, signifying their role in grapevine growth and development. Several genes (VvGASA2 and 7) showed different expression levels in later phases of seed development in Red globe and Thompson seedless, suggesting their involvement in seed development. Our study presents the first genome-wide identification and expression profiling of grapevine GASA genes and provides the basis for functional characterization of GASA genes in grapes. We surmise that this information may provide new potential resources for the molecular breeding of grapes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

Ahmad

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The same motif structures found in paralogous pairs reveal that CsSCPL proteins are potentially functionally redundant, whereas, on the other hand, differences in motif number imply functional variation and divergence. Genome duplication events can potentially lead to the modification of gene properties and significantly increase functional variation (Liu et al, 2014;Ahmad et al, 2019). Two paralogous pairs showed K a /K s ratios significantly < 1, indicating that they are under strong purifying process and contained highly conserved amino acid residues whereas the three remaining paralogous pairs had K a /K s ratios significantly > 1, suggesting that tight evolutionary constraints are under effect to sustain their stability.…”

Section: Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis of Serine Carboxypeptidase-Like Acyltransferase Gene Family for Evolution and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Galloylated Catechins in the Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

Ahmad

She

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves synthesize and concentrate a vast array of galloylated catechins (e.g., EGCG and ECG) and non-galloylated catechins (e.g., EGC, catechin, and epicatechin), together constituting 8%-24% of the dry leaf mass. Galloylated catechins account for a major portion of soluble catechins in tea leaves (up to 75%) and make a major contribution to the astringency and bitter taste of the green tea, and their pharmacological activity for human health. However, the catechin galloylation mechanism in tea plants is largely unknown at molecular levels. Previous studies indicated that glucosyltransferases and serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases (SCPL) might be involved in the process. However, details about the roles of SCPLs in the biosynthesis of galloylated catechins remain to be elucidated. Here, we performed the genome-wide identification of SCPL genes in the tea plant genome. Several SCPLs were grouped into clade IA, which encompasses previously characterized SCPL-IA enzymes with an acylation function. Twenty-eight tea genes in this clade were differentially expressed in young leaves and vegetative buds. We characterized three SCPL-IA enzymes (CsSCPL11-IA, CsSCPL13-IA, CsSCPL14-IA) with galloylation activity toward epicatechins using recombinant enzymes. Not only the expression levels of these SCPLIA genes coincide with the accumulation of galloylated catechins in tea plants, but their recombinant enzymes also displayed β-glucogallin:catechin galloyl acyltransferase activity. These findings provide the first insights into the identities of genes encoding glucogallin:catechin galloyl acyltransferases with an active role in the biosynthesis of galloylated catechins in tea plants.

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“…1,2 So far, 14 GASA genes have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and 37 in soybean. 3 Most of the GASA genes are induced by a variety of hormones, including gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), auxin, brassinosteroids (BR), and salicylic acid (SA). 4 For example, AtGASA6 links RGL2 and AtEXPA1 functions and plays a role as an integrator of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and Glc signaling, resulting in the regulation of seed germination through promotion of cell elongation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GmGASA32 promoted soybean height by interacting with GmCDC25

Chen

Liu

et al. 2020

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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A genome-wide approach to the comprehensive analysis of GASA gene family in Glycine max

Cited by 52 publications

References 57 publications

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of GASA Genes during Different Stages of Seed Development in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Predict Their Involvement in Seed Development

Genome-Wide Analysis of Serine Carboxypeptidase-Like Acyltransferase Gene Family for Evolution and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Galloylated Catechins in the Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

Overexpression of GmGASA32 promoted soybean height by interacting with GmCDC25

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