A Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Noriker Horses Identifies a SNP Associated With Roan Coat Color

Grilz-Seger, Gertrud; Reiter, Simone Frizell; Neuditschko, Markus; Wallner, Barbara; Rieder, Stefan; Leeb, Tosso; Jagannathan, Vidhya; Mesarič, Matjaž; Cotman, Markus; Pausch, Hubert; Lindgren, Gabriella; Velie, Brandon D.; Horna, Michaela; Brem, Gottfried; Druml, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102950

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…From these measurements, the following indices were calculated as described by Evans and McGreevy [13], using the relevant averages from the above measurements: skull index (SI) = zygomatic width × 100/skull length (1) cranial index (CI) = cranial width × 100/cranial length (2) nasal index (NI) = zygomatic width × 100/nasal length (3) mandibular index (MI) = mandibular depth × 100/skull length (4) nasal profile area (NPA) = rectangular area defined by 80 mm vertical line from the orbital notch to the rostral point of incisive bone ( Figure 1B).…”

Section: Skull Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equine intraspecific diversity is evident in size, shape, colouration, conformation and, behavioural suitability for a particular purpose. Manifestations of selection pressures in various breeds have been documented in reports that focus on colour [1], genetics [2], anatomy [3], physiology [4], reproduction [5], trainability [6], personality [7], and behaviour [8]. Even within a breed, conformational differences are evident depending on the geographical region of origin [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric Characteristics of the Skull in Horses and Donkeys—A Pilot Study

Merkies

Paraschou²,

McGreevy

2020

Animals

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Horses and donkeys belong to the genus Equus, but important differences exist between the species, many of which affect their management and welfare. This study compared skull morphology between horses and donkeys. Horse (n = 14) and donkey (n = 16) heads were obtained post-mortem, sectioned sagittally close to the midline, and photographed for subsequent measurement of various skull structures. Skull, cranial, nasal, and profile indices were calculated for topographical comparisons between the species. The olfactory bulb area (OBA), OB pitch (the angle between the hard palate and the OB axis), and whorl location (WL) were also measured. A General Linear Model determined the main effect of species with Sidak’s multiple comparisons of species’ differences among the various measurements. There was no species difference in cranial or nasal indices (p > 0.13), but donkeys had a larger cranial profile than horses (p < 0.04). Donkeys had a smaller OBA (p < 0.05) and a steeper OB pitch (p < 0.02) than horses. The WL corresponded to the level of the OB in horses but was extremely rostral in donkeys (p < 0.0001). These results show clear differentiation in skull morphology between horses and donkeys. This may be useful in validating other physiological and behavioural differences between horses and donkeys.

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Section: Skull Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Characteristics of the Skull in Horses and Donkeys—A Pilot Study

Merkies

Paraschou²,

McGreevy

2020

Animals

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“…Zur Identifizierung homozygoter Pferde wurde zunächst ein mit Tobiano assoziierter Marker im equinen c-KIT-Gen herangezogen [7,8]. Als genetische Ursache für Tobiano wurde später die 180°-Drehung eines Stücks im equinen Chromosom 3 (ECA3) in der Nähe des c-KIT-Gens gefunden, die eine Veränderung der regulatorischen Region des c-KIT-Gens bewirkt [9] [12,13]. Es wäre daher durchaus denkbar, dass es mehrere Mutationen gibt, die den Phänotyp Stichel (Roan) in den verschiedenen Rassen hervorrufen, von denen eine oder mehrere letal sind.…”

Section: Merkeunclassified

Vererbung und Charakteristik der Pferdefarben: Weißzeichnungen

Jude¹,

Reißmann²

2020

pferde spiegel

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“…One of these variants, an exonic synonymous substitution, showed significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) to roan in numerous breeds [ 5 ]. A more recent genome-wide association study in Noriker horses identified small indels in the downstream and intronic regions of KIT associated with Rn [ 14 ]. Nevertheless, the genetic background of Rn remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Sponenberg and Bellone, who postulated the existence of living homozygous Rn horses, contradicted this hypothesis [ 4 , 15 ]. Additional contradictory evidence, i.e., the existence of homozygous roan stallions with many roan offspring, is also emerging for other horse breeds, i.e., Noriker and Hokkaido Native horses [ 14 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coat Color Roan Shows Association with KIT Variants and No Evidence of Lethality in Icelandic Horses

Voß

Tetens

Thaller

et al. 2020

Genes

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Roan (Rn) horses show a typical seasonal change of color. Their body is covered with colored and white hair. We performed a descriptive statistical analysis of breeding records of Icelandic horses to challenge the hypothesis of roan being lethal in utero under homozygous condition. The roan to non-roan ratio of foals from roan × roan matings revealed homozygous roan Icelandic horses to be viable. Even though roan is known to be inherited in a dominant mode and epistatic to other coat colors, the causative mutation is still unknown. Nevertheless, an association between roan phenotype and the KIT gene was shown for different horse breeds. In the present study, we identified KIT variants by Sanger sequencing, and show that KIT is also associated with roan in the Icelandic horse breed.

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A Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Noriker Horses Identifies a SNP Associated With Roan Coat Color

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Morphometric Characteristics of the Skull in Horses and Donkeys—A Pilot Study

Morphometric Characteristics of the Skull in Horses and Donkeys—A Pilot Study

Vererbung und Charakteristik der Pferdefarben: Weißzeichnungen

Coat Color Roan Shows Association with KIT Variants and No Evidence of Lethality in Icelandic Horses

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