A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies Genes That Affect Somatic Homolog Pairing in<i>Drosophila</i>

Bateman, Jack R.; Larschan, Erica; D’Souza, Ryan S; Marshall, Lauren S.; Dempsey, Kyle E.; Johnson, Justine E.; Mellone, Barbara G.; Kuroda, Mitzi I.

doi:10.1534/g3.112.002840

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Thus, our evidence suggests that the role of H4K20 methylation in MSL recruitment and exclusion from chromatin is quite specific for H4K20me1 and H4K20me3, respectively. Consistent with a role for PR-SET7 and H4K20me1 in MSL targeting, a recent study in flies demonstrated that loss of PR-SET7 leads to perturbations in MSL localization on the male X chromosome (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Dual Role for the Histone Methyltransferase PR-SET7/SETD8 and Histone H4 Lysine 20 Monomethylation in the Local Regulation of RNA Polymerase II Pausing

Kapoor-Vazirani

Vertino

2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: MSL-mediated H4K16Ac allows release from Pol II promoter-proximal pausing, and SUV420H2-mediated H4K20me3 enforces pausing. Results: PR-SET7-mediated H4K20me1 is necessary for MSL recruitment and H4K16Ac and serves as a substrate for conversion to H4K20me3. Conclusion: H4K20me1 plays a dual role in pausing by regulating both H4K16Ac and H4K20me3. Significance: The local balance between H4K20me3 and H4K20me1/H4K16Ac levels controls pausing and, ultimately, transcriptional output.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Dual Role for the Histone Methyltransferase PR-SET7/SETD8 and Histone H4 Lysine 20 Monomethylation in the Local Regulation of RNA Polymerase II Pausing

Kapoor-Vazirani

Vertino

2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…(Also Shachar et al[62], which describes another high-throughput pipeline.) The third screen also used cell culture, in this case, assaying pairing of the X chromosome through the localization of the X-enriched MSL dosage compensation machinery [63]. …”

Section: Identification Of Pairing and Anti-pairing Factors By High-tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excitingly, many of these genes were also identified by MSL localization [63], implying that these genes regulate the pairing of whole chromosomes. Consistent with this conclusion, many of these genes were also found to influence pairing at euchromatic regions by FISH [30].…”

Section: Identification Of Pairing and Anti-pairing Factors By High-tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pairing and anti-pairing: a balancing act in the diploid genome

Joyce

Erceg

2016

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

106

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The presence of maternal and paternal homologs appears to be much more than just a doubling of genetic material. We know this because genomes have evolved elaborate mechanisms that permit homologous regions to sense and then respond to each other. One way in which homologs communicate is to come into contact and, in fact, Dipteran insects such as Drosophila excel at this task, aligning all pairs of maternal and paternal chromosomes, end-to-end, in essentially all somatic tissues throughout development. Here, we reexamine the widely held tenet that extensive somatic pairing of homologous sequences cannot occur in mammals and suggest, instead, that pairing may be a widespread and significant potential that has gone unnoticed in mammals because they expend considerable effort to prevent it. We then extend this discussion to interchromosomal interactions, in general, and speculate about the potential of nuclear organization and pairing to impact inheritance.

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“…transvection, have been identified, and may function differently in different cell types (Hartl et al 2008;Bateman et al 2012b;Joyce et al 2012). Finally, data based on DNA-FISH show high levels of somatic homolog pairing in third instar larvae, but lower levels during embryogenesis, which would likely negatively impact transvection in early tissues (Fung et al 1998).…”

Section: Factors Other Than Enhancer Strength Influence Transvectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Capacity to Act in Trans Varies Among Drosophila Enhancers

Blick

Mayer-Hirshfeld

Malibiran³

et al. 2016

Genetics

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The interphase nucleus is organized such that genomic segments interact in cis, on the same chromosome, and in trans, between different chromosomes. In Drosophila and other Dipterans, extensive interactions are observed between homologous chromosomes, which can permit enhancers and promoters to communicate in trans. Enhancer action in trans has been observed for a handful of genes in Drosophila, but it is as yet unclear whether this is a general property of all enhancers or specific to a few. Here, we test a collection of well-characterized enhancers for the capacity to act in trans. Specifically, we tested 18 enhancers that are active in either the eye or wing disc of third instar Drosophila larvae and, using two different assays, found evidence that each enhancer can act in trans. However, the degree to which trans-action was supported varied greatly between enhancers. Quantitative analysis of enhancer activity supports a model wherein an enhancer's strength of transcriptional activation is a major determinant of its ability to act in trans, but that additional factors may also contribute to an enhancer's trans-activity. In sum, our data suggest that a capacity to activate a promoter on a paired chromosome is common among Drosophila enhancers.KEYWORDS RMCE; interchromosomal interactions; long-range enhancer; somatic homolog pairing; transvection T HE spatial organization of the interphase eukaryotic genome is characterized by extensive long-distance interactions between distal chromosome regions (Sanyal et al. 2012). Interactions have been identified between sequences on the same chromosome (in cis) or on different chromosomes (in trans) (Lieberman-Aiden et al. 2009;Duan et al. 2010;Sexton et al. 2012;van de Werken et al. 2012;Nagano et al. 2013;Zhang et al. 2013). Many long-distance interactions in cis underlie the activation of specific genes, and in some cases, sequences have been identified that facilitate interactions between a distal enhancer and a specific promoter target (Zhou and Levine 1999;Calhoun et al. 2002;Calhoun and Levine 2003;Lin 2003;Akbari et al. 2008;Fujioka et al. 2009;Majumder et al. 2015). In contrast, the genetic impacts of trans-interactions between chromosomes are less clearly understood. Examples of gene regulation involving interchromosomal associations have been described (Spilianakis et al. 2005;Bacher et al. 2006;Xu et al. 2006;Apostolou and Thanos 2008;Sandhu et al. 2009;Markenscoff-Papadimitriou et al. 2014;Patel et al. 2014), but it remains unclear whether it is common for sequences that regulate gene expression to communicate between different chromosomes when they are physically juxtaposed.In Drosophila melanogaster, extensive trans-interactions are observed between homologous chromosomes in virtually all somatic tissues, a phenomenon known as somatic homolog pairing (reviewed by McKee 2004;Bosco 2012). The close proximity of homologous chromosomes in Drosophila can permit an enhancer to act in trans on a promoter on the paired homolog, a form of pairing-dependent ...

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A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies Genes That Affect Somatic Homolog Pairing inDrosophila

Cited by 42 publications

References 67 publications

A Dual Role for the Histone Methyltransferase PR-SET7/SETD8 and Histone H4 Lysine 20 Monomethylation in the Local Regulation of RNA Polymerase II Pausing

A Dual Role for the Histone Methyltransferase PR-SET7/SETD8 and Histone H4 Lysine 20 Monomethylation in the Local Regulation of RNA Polymerase II Pausing

Pairing and anti-pairing: a balancing act in the diploid genome

The Capacity to Act in Trans Varies Among Drosophila Enhancers

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