A Genomic Island of an Extraintestinal Pathogenic
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            Strain Enables the Metabolism of Fructooligosaccharides, Which Improves Intestinal Colonization

Schouler, Catherine; Taki, Ahmed; Chouikha, Iman; Moulin-Schouleur, Maryvonne; Gilot, Philippe

doi:10.1128/jb.01052-08

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…B. coagulans started gaining popularity as a probiotic in recent years due to its ability to form endospores, which are resistant to high heat (a common food processing treatment) and acidity of the stomach. As a result, the These results are consistent with previous studies that showed some pathogenic and commensal E. coli strains could metabolize FOS [36] [37] [38]. Interestingly, while there were no statistically significant differences in ΔOD 600 among the carbohydrate sources for ECN, the ΔOD 600 of non-probiotic E. coli ATCC 33876 was significantly lower in dextrose than in FOS or lactulose (p < 0.0001, Figure 1).…”

Section: Bacterial Growthsupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

Lu¹,

Yeung²,

Yeung³

2018

FNS

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Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides that selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the human gut. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is a common prebiotic found in food products and infant formula. Lactulose is primarily used as a pharmaceutical ingredient but also shows potential prebiotic activities. Our objectives were to determine and compare the effects of FOS and lactulose on: 1) growth kinetics of common probiotics in aerobic condition; 2) pH and titratable acidity after fermentation; and 3) antioxidant capacity of the probiotics. Ten probiotic and two non-probiotic strains, representing genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus, and Escherichia were assembled. Media used for prebiotics experiment were modified to contain 2% FOS or lactulose as the sole or main carbohydrate source. All experiments were done in triplicate. In aerobic condition, most strains cultured with FOS or lactulose did not grow optimally compared to dextrose (a non-prebiotic), while all four Bifidobacterium spp. showed little growth regardless of the carbohydrate source. In anaerobic condition, lactulose and FOS fermentation of Bifidobacterium spp. yielded similar pH (p = 0.2723), but percent lactic acid, as determined by titratable acidity, was higher after lactulose fermentation (p = 0.0004). The non-probiotic strains were able to utilize both FOS and lactulose, but displayed weaker acid production and higher pH (p < 0.0001) relative to the probiotic strains. Antioxidant activity of spent medium was measured with Trolox as the reference standard. Overall, the antioxidant activity of probiotics was strain-dependent. In conclusion, lactulose supported growth activities of probiotics to a similar extent as FOS. Lactulose also stimulated higher acid production for Bifidobacterium spp. than FOS in anaerobic condition, thus it might be considered for incorporation into functional food products containing bifidobacteria.

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Section: Bacterial Growthsupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

Lu¹,

Yeung²,

Yeung³

2018

FNS

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“…Some other bacterial species are known to metabolize FOSs, including bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, present in the intestinal microflora, and oral streptococci (26,27). Transporters for FOSs include ABC transporters, PTS, and major facilitator superfamily proteins (7,28,29). Our data suggest that utilization of FOSs longer than GF2 by pneumococci is dependent on one of two ABC transporters encoded at the same genomic location.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The ABC Transporter Encoded at the Pneumococcal Fructooligosaccharide Utilization Locus Determines the Ability To Utilize Long- and Short-Chain Fructooligosaccharides

Linke¹,

Woodiga²,

Meyers³

et al. 2012

Journal of Bacteriology

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bStreptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that requires carbohydrates for growth. The significance of carbohydrate acquisition is highlighted by the genome encoding more than 27 predicted carbohydrate transporters. It has long been known that about 60% of pneumococci could utilize the fructooligosaccharide inulin as a carbohydrate source, but the mechanism of utilization was unknown. Here we demonstrate that a predicted sucrose utilization locus is actually a fructooligosaccharide utilization locus and imparts the ability of pneumococci to utilize inulin. Genes in strain TIGR4 predicted to encode an ABC transporter (SP_1796-8) and a ␤-fructosidase (SP_1795) are required for utilization of several fructooligosaccharides longer than kestose, which consists of two ␤(2-1)-linked fructose molecules with a terminal ␣(1-2)-linked glucose molecule. Similar to other characterized pneumococcal carbohydrate utilization transporter family 1 transporters, growth is dependent on the gene encoding the ATPase MsmK. While the majority of pneumococcal strains encode SP_1796-8 at this genomic location, 19% encode an alternative transporter. Although strains encoding either transporter can utilize short-chain fructooligosaccharides for growth, only strains encoding SP_1796-8 can utilize inulin. Exchange of genes encoding the SP_1796-8 transporter for those encoding the alternative transporter resulted in a TIGR4 strain that could utilize short-chain fructooligosaccharide but not inulin. These data demonstrate that the transporter encoded at this locus determines the ability of the bacteria to utilize long-chain fructooligosaccharides and explains the variation in inulin utilization between pneumococcal strains.

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“…We had already used this strategy to characterize the AGI-3 region that is involved in the virulence of an avian pathogenic E. coli strain and that confers the ability to grow on fructooligosaccharides (7,43). During this tRNA screening, we showed that genomic islands might potentially be present downstream of the tRNA genes argW, leuX, pheU, pheV, selC, serU, and thrW in several APEC strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ICEEc2, a New Integrative and Conjugative Element Belonging to the pKLC102/PAGI-2 Family, Identified inEscherichia coliStrain BEN374

et al. 2010

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The diversity of the Escherichia coli species is in part due to the large number of mobile genetic elements that are exchanged between strains. We report here the identification of a new integrative and conjugative element (ICE) of the pKLC102/PAGI-2 family located downstream of the tRNA gene pheU in the E. coli strain BEN374. Indeed, this new region, which we called ICEEc2, can be transferred by conjugation from strain BEN374 to the E. coli strain C600. We were also able to transfer this region into a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain and into a Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain. This transfer was then followed by the integration of ICEEc2 into the host chromosome downstream of a phe tRNA gene. Our data indicated that this transfer involved a set of three genes encoding DNA mobility enzymes and a type IV pilus encoded by genes present on ICEEc2. Given the wide distribution of members of this family, these mobile genetic elements are likely to play an important role in the diversification of bacteria.

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A Genomic Island of an Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Enables the Metabolism of Fructooligosaccharides, Which Improves Intestinal Colonization

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

The ABC Transporter Encoded at the Pneumococcal Fructooligosaccharide Utilization Locus Determines the Ability To Utilize Long- and Short-Chain Fructooligosaccharides

ICEEc2, a New Integrative and Conjugative Element Belonging to the pKLC102/PAGI-2 Family, Identified inEscherichia coliStrain BEN374

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