A genomic region involved in the formation of adhesin fibers in Bacillus cereus biofilms

Caro-Astorga, Joaquín; Pérez-Garcı́a, Alejandro; Vicente, Antonio de; Romero, Diego

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00745

Cited by 72 publications

(121 citation statements)

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“…This is very different from the case in B. subtilis, in which the epsA-O operon is essential for biofilm formation under all tested conditions. On the other hand, the results from another recent study demonstrated that protein components made from TasA-and SipW-like proteins in B. cereus seem to play a structural role in matrix assembly (21). However, even with recent progress, current knowledge about the genetics of B. cereus biofilm formation is still largely lacking.…”

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confidence: 69%

“…Biofilms formed by various B. cereus strains, as shown in previous studies, although diverse, were in general less robust and demonstrated fewer morphologically distinct features than those in B. subtilis (20,21,24,26). We hoped to develop a robust method to study biofilm formation in B. cereus, similar to what we have in B. subtilis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies suggested that certain B. cereus strains were able to form diverse biofilms, either submerged, bottom-surfaceattached biofilms, floating pellicles, or pellicles attached to the side surfaces of the glass tubes. Different types of biofilms may require activities from different genetic determinants (20)(21)(22). For example, in one tested B. cereus strain, the tasA homologous genes were shown not to be required for submerged biofilms but were needed for the formation of floating pellicles (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Investigation of Biofilm Formation in Bacillus cereus

Yan

Gozzi

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacillus cereus is a soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacterium capable of forming structured multicellular communities, or biofilms. However, the regulatory pathways controlling biofilm formation are less well understood in B. cereus. In this work, we developed a method to study B. cereus biofilms formed at the air-liquid interface. We applied two genome-wide approaches, random transposon insertion mutagenesis to identify genes that are potentially important for biofilm formation, and transcriptome analyses by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to characterize genes that are differentially expressed in B. cereus when cells were grown in a biofilm-inducing medium. For the first approach, we identified 23 genes whose disruption by transposon insertion led to altered biofilm phenotypes. Based on the predicted function, they included genes involved in processes such as nucleotide biosynthesis, iron salvage, and antibiotic production, as well as genes encoding an ATP-dependent protease and transcription regulators. Transcriptome analyses identified about 500 genes that were differentially expressed in cells grown under biofilm-inducing conditions. One particular set of those genes may contribute to major metabolic shifts, leading to elevated production of small volatile molecules. Selected volatile molecules were shown to stimulate robust biofilm formation in B. cereus. Our studies represent a genome-wide investigation of B. cereus biofilm formation.IMPORTANCE In this work, we established a robust method for B. cereus biofilm studies and applied two genome-wide approaches, transposon insertion mutagenesis and transcriptome analyses by RNA-seq, to identify genes and pathways that are potentially important for biofilm formation in B. cereus. We discovered dozens of genes and two major metabolic shifts that seem to be important for biofilm formation in B. cereus. Our study represents a genome-wide investigation on B. cereus biofilm formation. KEYWORDS Bacillus cereus, biofilm formation, transcriptome, transposon mutagenesis Bacteria are capable of forming multicellular communities, known as biofilms (1, 2). Biofilms are clinically significant, because biofilms formed by pathogenic species are often associated with hospital-acquired infections, both acute and chronic (3). Biofilms are also significant in industry and the environment, causing billions of dollars of loss every year in ship, water, and dairy industries; however, in some cases, biofilms can be beneficial. In the field of agriculture, some of the rhizosphere-associated bacteria are used as biological control agents for plant protection. Those bacteria are able to protect plants from infections by various bacterial pathogens, fungi, and even worms through different mechanisms (4).Both Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis belong to the rhizosphere-associated beneficial bacteria (4). Wild strains of B. subtilis are capable of forming robust pellicle

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confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Investigation of Biofilm Formation in Bacillus cereus

Yan

Gozzi

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…difficile , pili have only been shown for cells grown on agar plates [73, 75, 76], suggesting that also for these species the expression of pili depends on the growth conditions. Besides type IV pili, also other types of pili have been found for gram-positive bacteria, including amyloid fibers for Bacillus species [77, 78] and covalently bound pilins for Streptococcus species [79]. Two gene clusters of putative type IV pili biosynthesis genes were identified in the genome of C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation by Clostridium ljungdahlii Is Induced by Sodium Chloride Stress: Experimental Evaluation and Transcriptome Analysis

et al. 2017

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The acetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii is capable of syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis. Biofilm formation could benefit both these applications, but was not yet reported for C. ljungdahlii. Biofilm formation does not occur under standard growth conditions, but attachment or aggregation could be induced by different stresses. The strongest biofilm formation was observed with the addition of sodium chloride. After 3 days of incubation, the biomass volume attached to a plastic surface was 20 times higher with than without the addition of 200 mM NaCl to the medium. The addition of NaCl also resulted in biofilm formation on glass, graphite and glassy carbon, the latter two being often used electrode materials for microbial electrosynthesis. Biofilms were composed of extracellular proteins, polysaccharides, as well as DNA, while pilus-like appendages were observed with, but not without, the addition of NaCl. A transcriptome analysis comparing planktonic (no NaCl) and biofilm (NaCl addition) cells showed that C. ljungdahlii coped with the salt stress by the upregulation of the general stress response, Na+ export and osmoprotectant accumulation. A potential role for poly-N-acetylglucosamines and D-alanine in biofilm formation was found. Flagellar motility was downregulated, while putative type IV pili biosynthesis genes were not expressed. Moreover, the gene expression analysis suggested the involvement of the transcriptional regulators LexA, Spo0A and CcpA in stress response and biofilm formation. This study showed that NaCl addition might be a valuable strategy to induce biofilm formation by C. ljungdahlii, which can improve the efficacy of syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis applications.

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“…Among the various physiological stages of B. cereus, spores have the greatest biofilm formation potential (Pagedar & Singh, 2012). CalY and TasA, coded by gene calY and operon sipW-tasA, respectively, cooperate to assemble robust and stable fibres with amyloid properties and are important for B. cereus biofilm assembly (Caro-Astorga, P erez-García, de Vicente, & Romero, 2015). Adhesion of B. cereus to stainless steel surface increases with the increase in temperature, pH and time (Peña et al, 2014).…”

Section: Biofilm and Its Hazard In The Dairy Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%