A geochemical approach to earthquake reconnaissance at the Baratang mud volcano, Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Chaudhuri, Hirok; Ghose, D.; Bhandari, Rakesh; Sen, P.; Sinha, Bikash K.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.10.007

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Released or remobilized N 2 -rich fluids may be channelized, transported and upflow providing contribution to the fluid regime of shallow subduction depths and even the subsurface environment (Figure 11). This conclusion is in good agreement with N 2 -rich fluid composition of gas outflow of mud volcanoes and thermal springs at forearc regions of accretionary subduction complexes (Giggenbach et al, 1993;Lee et al, 2017;Motyka et al, 1989;Snyder et al, 2003), with reaching even 92 vol.% reported, for example, at the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Chaudhuri et al, 2012). All of these suggest that such significant addition of nitrogen with deep subduction origin should play an important role in global nitrogen cycling and may provide significant contribution to N 2 supply to the overlying subsurface/surface biosphere during devolatilization in the forearc regions of convergent margins.…”

Section: Implications For Nitrogen Cyclingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Spránitz

Padrón‐Navarta

Szabó

et al. 2022

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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Primary multiphase fluid inclusions (MFI) were studied in one eclogite and two granulites from the Cabo Ortegal Complex (COC, NW Spain) by means of Raman imaging, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS) and Focused Ion Beam ‐ Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB)‐SEM. Complementary, secondary MFI in pyroxenites from COC were also investigated. MFI hosted in eclogite and granulites occur along growth zones or in 3D clusters in garnet porphyroblasts suggesting a primary origin at high‐pressure (HP) metamorphic conditions. The mineral assemblage of MFI is mainly composed of Fe‐Mg‐Ca‐carbonates and phyllosilicates ± graphite ± quartz ± corundum ± pyrite ± apatite ± rutile and a fluid phase composed of nitrogen ± methane ± carbon‐dioxide. The mineral proportions vary among the lithologies. Dominant carbonates and hydrous silicates are interpreted as step‐daughter minerals (crystals formed in the MFI after entrapment as a result of fluid–host interaction), whereas apatite, quartz and rutile are considered in part as accidentally trapped minerals since they also occur as crystal inclusions together with MFI in each rock type. Quartz and corundum occur together in MFI in ultramafic granulite and are regarded as step‐daughter minerals in this lithology. These observations suggest that the MFI are products of post‐entrapment reactions of a homogeneous COHN fluid system with the host mineral. Thermodynamic calculations in the CaFMAS‐COHN system confirmed that bulk composition of the MFI in eclogite is similar to the host garnet+COHN composition except for a potential lost of H2O. Carbonation and hydration reaction between the host (i.e. garnet or pyroxene) and the fluid inclusion results in the consumption of all CO2 and part of the H2O from the fluid phase producing Ca‐Fe‐Mg‐carbonates and hydrous step‐daughter minerals, mostly pyrophyllite and chlorite. Nitrogen content of the originally trapped COHN fluid in eclogite was estimated to have a maximum value of 10 mol% at peak HP conditions and 30–40 mol% at retrograde conditions that is within the range of the observed MFI in the residual fluid (13–68 mol%). Pseudosection modelling confirmed the stability of the phase assemblage in the MFI in a specific low‐pressure, low‐temperature stability field (between 300°C and 400°C at pressures < 1 GPa), caused by H2O‐ and CO2‐consuming reactions possibly in a single step. Our findings indicate that such processes in the exhuming HP units may play a role in global nitrogen and carbon cycling as well as potentially contributing to nitrogen and methane supply to subsurface–surface environments during devolatilization in the forearc regions of convergent plate margins.

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Section: Implications For Nitrogen Cyclingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Spránitz

Padrón‐Navarta

Szabó

et al. 2022

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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“…A number of mud volcanoes occur on Baratang Island, in the Andaman-Nicobar Islands (Chaudhuri et al, 2012). One of them erupted, throwing mud above the height of neighboring trees, only several minutes after the Sumatra-Andaman (Mw=9.1; USGS report; http://earthquake.usgs.gov) main shock of 26 December 2004 (Mellors et al, 2007, and references therein) ( Fig.…”

Section: The 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and The Mud Volcano Eruptimentioning

confidence: 99%

Long- and short-term triggering and modulation of mud volcano eruptions by earthquakes

2016

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“…The gases emitted by more than 90% of the mud volcanoes are thought to be derived mainly from hydrocarbon degradation, with maximum concentrations of CH 4 up to 99 vol.% (Caracausi et al, ; Chao et al, ; Etiope & Milkov, ; Huang et al, ; Wan et al, ). However, some mud volcanoes emit higher concentrations of CO 2 (12.0–84.7 vol.%) of biogenic, thermogenic, organic, or magmatic origin (Chao et al, ; Chaudhuri et al, ; Dimitrov, ; Kikvadze et al, ; Mazzini et al, ; Prinzhofer & Deville, ; Queißer et al, ; Wang & Chen, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CH₄and CO₂Emissions From Mud Volcanoes on the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China: Origin, Output, and Relation to Regional Tectonics

Zhi

Liu

et al. 2019

JGR Solid Earth

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The concentrations, isotope ratios, and fluxes of CH 4 and CO 2 from mud volcanoes measured during a field survey on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin are reported. The origins and outputs of CH 4 and CO 2 from the four mud volcanoes are assessed, and the relationship between the characteristics of degassing and regional tectonics is discussed. The geochemical data indicate that thermogenic gases derived from the hydrocarbon reservoirs beneath anticlines could be the main source of the CH 4 emitted from the mud volcanoes and that hydrocarbon degradation by microbes and carbonate decomposition could be the primary contributors to CO 2 emissions from the soil in and around the mud volcanoes. Microseepage was the main mode of release for CH 4 and CO 2 from the mud volcanoes. The total CH 4 output from the mud volcanoes was 147.83 ton/year, comparable to that from mud volcanoes elsewhere. The total output of CO 2 from the mud volcanoes was 603.96 ton/year, which suggests that more attention should be paid to CO 2 from mud volcanoes. The CH 4 and CO 2 outputs from the mud volcanoes, and from the Xihu fold in the four anticlines, decreased from south to north. This observation is consistent with the intensity of regional tectonic activity, which weakens from south to north. The results suggest that regional compression is the major triggering mechanism for CH 4 and CO 2 emissions from the mud volcanoes.

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A geochemical approach to earthquake reconnaissance at the Baratang mud volcano, Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Long- and short-term triggering and modulation of mud volcano eruptions by earthquakes

CH₄and CO₂Emissions From Mud Volcanoes on the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China: Origin, Output, and Relation to Regional Tectonics

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A geochemical approach to earthquake reconnaissance at the Baratang mud volcano, Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Abiotic passive nitrogen and methane enrichment during exhumation of subducted rocks: Primary multiphase fluid inclusions in high‐pressure rocks from the Cabo Ortegal Complex, NW Spain

Long- and short-term triggering and modulation of mud volcano eruptions by earthquakes

CH4and CO2Emissions From Mud Volcanoes on the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China: Origin, Output, and Relation to Regional Tectonics

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CH₄and CO₂Emissions From Mud Volcanoes on the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China: Origin, Output, and Relation to Regional Tectonics