A Global Case‐Study Framework Applied to Water Supply and Sanitation

Duchin, Faye

doi:10.1111/jiec.12462

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…According to the UN World Water Development Report 2015, these costs could be reduced considerably by treating wastewater close to the source using simple technologies. The issue of costs of constructing and operating of wastewater treatment plants is mainly a challenge in poor settings (Massoud et al 2009 ); access to finance for these investments therefore acts as the main stumbling block (Hanjra et al 2015 ; Duchin 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of helminth eggs by centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants in South Africa and Lesotho: health implications for direct and indirect exposure to the effluents

Amoah

Reddy

Seidu

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Wastewater may contain contaminants harmful to human health; hence, there is the need for treatment before discharge. Centralized wastewater treatment systems are the favored treatment options globally, but these are not necessarily superior in reduction of pathogens as compared to decentralized wastewater treatment systems (collectively called DEWATS). This study was therefore undertaken to assess the soil-transmitted helminth (STH) and Taenia sp. egg reduction efficiency of selected anaerobic baffled reactors and planted gravel filters compared to centralized wastewater treatment plants in South Africa and Lesotho. The risk of ascariasis with exposure to effluents from the centralized wastewater treatment plants was also assessed using the quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) approach. Eggs of Ascaris spp., hookworm, Trichuris spp., Taenia spp., and Toxocara spp. were commonly detected in the untreated wastewater. The DEWATS plants removed between 95 and 100% of the STH and Taenia sp. eggs, with centralized plants removing between 67 and 100%. Helminth egg concentrations in the final effluents from the centralized wastewater treatment plants were consistently higher than those in the WHO recommended guideline (≤ 1 helminth egg/L) for agricultural use resulting in higher risk of ascariasis. Therefore, in conclusion, DEWATS plants may be more efficient in reducing the concentration of helminth eggs in wastewater, resulting in lower risks of STH infections upon exposure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of helminth eggs by centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants in South Africa and Lesotho: health implications for direct and indirect exposure to the effluents

Amoah

Reddy

Seidu

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In the third approach, models are integrated one-at-a-time, incrementally adding complexity so that the influence of each constituent model can be directly attributed and subsequent issues can be addressed. This approach may include modifying the conceptualization as necessary and sequentially calibrating the resulting integrated configurations ( Duchin, 2016 ; Duchin and Levine, 2019 ). While this approach may be as pragmatic as the first, and perhaps as comprehensive as the second, the disadvantage is the time and computational cost to perform sequential coupling and calibration.…”

Section: Scale Issues To Considermentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach

Iwanaga

Wang

Hamilton

et al. 2021

Environmental Modelling & Software

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System-of-systems approaches for integrated assessments have become prevalent in recent years. Such approaches integrate a variety of models from different disciplines and modeling paradigms to represent a socio-environmental (or social-ecological) system aiming to holistically inform policy and decision-making processes. Central to the system-of-systems approaches is the representation of systems in a multi-tier framework with nested scales. Current modeling paradigms, however, have disciplinary-specific lineage, leading to inconsistencies in the conceptualization and integration of socio-environmental systems. In this paper, a multidisciplinary team of researchers, from engineering, natural and social sciences, have come together to detail socio-technical practices and challenges that arise in the consideration of scale throughout the socio-environmental modeling process. We identify key paths forward, focused on explicit consideration of scale and uncertainty, strengthening interdisciplinary communication, and improvement of the documentation process. We call for a grand vision (and commensurate funding) for holistic system-of-systems research that engages researchers, stakeholders, and policy makers in a multi-tiered process for the co-creation of knowledge and solutions to major socio-environmental problems.

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“…This is commonly addressed using interregional or multiregional input-output models. However, a number of studies take a global approach in order to include other water issues, such as waste-water, water quality, water pollution, that may pose significant threats to global water sustainability (Liu et al, 2009;Lenzen et al, 2013;Arto et al, 2016;Duchin, 2016).…”

Section: Water Resources and The Input-output Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Water Use and Water Sector Activity in Environmental Input-Output Analysis

Alabi

Munday

Swales³

et al. 2019

Review of Regional Studies

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This paper uses input-output accounting methods to identify the direct, indirect, and induced physical demand for water. The seminal work by Leontief (1970) has previously motivated a more extensive account of issues related to those sectors that generate and those that clean/treat polluting outputs. The present paper extends this approach to deal with sectors that use a natural resource and those that supply it. We take, as a case study, public water use and supply in Wales. The analysis shows how the proposed method, using both the quantity input-output model and the associated price dual, can be used to investigate the economy-wide implications of the deviation between expenditures on the output of the water sector and actual physical water supplied. The results indicate that the price paid for water varies greatly amongst different uses; in particular, household consumption is charged at a higher price than intermediate industrial demand. We argue that decision makers (in this case, policy makers and industry regulators) require such analysis and information in order to understand the demands on and supply of water resources and their role in supporting economic expansion, whilst simultaneously adopting appropriate strategies for achieving water sustainability objectives.

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A Global Case‐Study Framework Applied to Water Supply and Sanitation

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Removal of helminth eggs by centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants in South Africa and Lesotho: health implications for direct and indirect exposure to the effluents

Removal of helminth eggs by centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants in South Africa and Lesotho: health implications for direct and indirect exposure to the effluents

Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach

Physical Water Use and Water Sector Activity in Environmental Input-Output Analysis

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