A global epidemiological analysis of COVID-19 vaccine types and clinical outcomes

Alhinai, Zaid; Park, Sangshin; Choe, Young June; Michelow, Ian C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.09.014

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Kwok et al and Peng et al previously demonstrated that compared with mRNA vaccine, the antibody level of inactivated CoronaVac-vaccinees wane quickly and patients after the vaccine face a higher risk of breakthrough infection 81 , 82 . Besides, Alhinai et al performed longitudinal analyses of publicly accessible epidemiological, clinical, virological, vaccine-related, and other public health data from 41 eligible countries, and found that the real-world effectiveness of inactivated virus vaccines might be inferior to mRNA and/or adenovirus-vectored vaccines 83 . Our results further validated previous findings, and provided solid evidence through comprehensively analyzing all the published papers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological response following COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV: a dose–response meta-analysis

Zhou

Zeng

Meng

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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To quantify the pooled rate and risk ratio of seroconversion following the uncomplete, complete, or booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library were searched for eligible studies to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis based on PRIMSA guidelines. The pooled rate and risk ratio of seroconversion were assessed using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine method and Mantel–Haenszel approach, respectively. Random-effects model was preferentially used as the primary approach to pool results across studies. A total of 50 studies involving 7160 patients living with HIV were analyzed. We demonstrated that only 75.0% (56.4% to 89.9%) patients living with HIV achieved a seroconversion after uncomplete vaccination, which improved to 89.3% (84.2% to 93.5%) after complete vaccination, and 98.4% (94.8% to 100%) after booster vaccination. The seroconversion rates were significantly lower compared to controls at all the stages, while the risk ratios for uncomplete, complete, and booster vaccination were 0.87 (0.77 to 0.99), 0.95 (0.92 to 0.98), and 0.97 (0.94 to 0.99), respectively. We concluded that vaccine doses were associated with consistently improved rates and risk ratios of seroconversion in patients living with HIV, highlighting the significance of booster vaccination for patients living with HIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological response following COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV: a dose–response meta-analysis

Zhou

Zeng

Meng

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…On the other hand, the results of clinical studies on the BNT162b2 vaccine showed that the vaccine was 95% effective in preventing symptomatic laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in individuals with no evidence of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 29 ]. In a study by Alhinai et al [ 30 ], findings from 41 countries with the highest rates of COVID-19 vaccination showed that there were more COVID-19 cases among people vaccinated with CoronaVac and other vaccines than among those vaccinated with BNT162b2 in the first 6 months of 2021. Although the BNT162b2 vaccine is known to be more protective than the CoronaVac vaccine, the results of our study indicated that more than half of participants in both groups had no COVID-19 infection during the follow-up, and similar proportions of participants reported contracting COVID-19 before and after boosting with both vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Health Workers’ Choice of COVID-19 Vaccine Booster on Immunization Levels in Istanbul, Turkey

Ören,

Canbaz,

Meşe

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Background: There are limited data regarding short- and medium-term IgG antibody levels after the CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines. This study aimed to investigate the antibody responses of health workers who initially received two doses of CoronaVac one month apart followed by a booster dose of either CoronaVac or BNT162b2, as well as determine whether either vaccine provided superior results. Methods: This research represents the second phase of a mixed-methods vaccine cohort study and was conducted between July 2021 and February 2022. The participants (n = 117) were interviewed in person and blood samples were collected before and at 1 and 6 months after the booster vaccination. Results: BNT162b2 was found to have greater immunogenic potential than CoronaVac (p < 0.001). Health workers without chronic disease exhibited statistically significant increases in antibody levels after both vaccines (p < 0.001), whereas only BNT162b2 caused a significant increase in antibody levels in participants with chronic disease (p < 0.001). Samples obtained before and at 1 and 6 months after the booster vaccination revealed no age- or sex-based differences in IgG-inducing potential for either vaccine (p > 0.05). Antibody levels were comparable in both vaccine groups before the booster regardless of COVID-19 history (p > 0.05); however, antibody levels were significantly higher after the BNT162b2 booster at 1 month (<0.001) and at 6 months, except among participants who had a positive history of COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that even a single booster dose of BNT162b2 after initial vaccination with CoronaVac provides a protective advantage against COVID-19, especially for risk groups such as health workers and those with chronic diseases.

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“…Furthermore, declining immune response rates over time underscore the need to consider heterologous boosting, a focus highlighted by the World Health Organization (WHO) [ 13 ]. Multiple factors, including co-infection, concurrent use of biomedicines [ 14 ] and demographic variables such as sex, age and socioeconomic status, influence vaccine efficacy [ 14 ]. And vaccination may have an impact on the isolation rate [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with asymptomatic or mild illness during the Omicron epidemic in Guangzhou: a multi-centre retrospective cohort study

Xu,

Kong,

Huang

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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Background Despite the widespread administration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, the impact on patients with asymptomatic to mild illness remains unclear. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy of various vaccine doses and types on the duration of isolation duration and discharge rates, the viral shedding duration, and negative rates in asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 patients. Methods We included adult patients at the Fangcang isolation centres in Pazhou or Yongning between November and December 2022. We analysed data on basic demographics, admission details, laboratory indicators and vaccination information. Results A total of 6560 infected patients were included (3584 from Pazhou and 2976 from Yongning). Of these, 90.6% received inactivated vaccines, 3.66% received recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit vaccines and 0.91% received adenovirus vaccines. Among the 6173 vaccinated individuals, 71.9% received a booster dose. By day 9, the isolation rate reached 50% among vaccinated patients. On day 7.5, the positive rate among vaccinated individuals reached 50%. Conclusions Full vaccination was effective, with heterologous vaccines showing greater efficacy than inactivated vaccines alone. However, there was no significant difference in the vaccine protective effect 12 months after vaccination.

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A global epidemiological analysis of COVID-19 vaccine types and clinical outcomes

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Serological response following COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV: a dose–response meta-analysis

Serological response following COVID-19 vaccines in patients living with HIV: a dose–response meta-analysis

Impact of Health Workers’ Choice of COVID-19 Vaccine Booster on Immunization Levels in Istanbul, Turkey

Efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with asymptomatic or mild illness during the Omicron epidemic in Guangzhou: a multi-centre retrospective cohort study

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