A global integrated analysis of open sea fish farming opportunities

Weiss, Carlos V.C.; Ondiviela, Bárbara Ruiz; Guanche, Raúl; Castellanos, O. F.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.07.054

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A proliferation of recent studies has sought to demonstrate untapped potential of marine aquaculture through geospatial analyses and modelling exercises, incorporating parameters that include the physiological requirements and growth rates of candidate fish species, marine hydrography, habitat suitability, operational suitability, and competing uses of ocean space 5 , 6 , 10 , 20 , 69 – 71 . These studies claim to reveal the existence of vast areas of ocean well-suited to marine aquaculture, holding “remarkable potential” 10 to produce quantities of seafood far in excess of current levels of demand, if utilized for this purpose (Table 4 ).…”

Section: Potential For Spatial Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farming fish in the sea will not nourish the world

et al. 2020

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Recent literature on marine fish farming brands it as potentially compatible with sustainable resource use, conservation, and human nutrition goals, and aligns with the emerging policy discourse of ‘blue growth’. We advance a two-pronged critique. First, contemporary narratives tend to overstate marine finfish aquaculture’s potential to deliver food security and environmental sustainability. Second, they often align with efforts to enclose maritime space that could facilitate its allocation to extractive industries and conservation interests and exclude fishers. Policies and investments that seek to increase the availability and accessibility of affordable and sustainable farmed aquatic foods should focus on freshwater aquaculture.

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Section: Potential For Spatial Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farming fish in the sea will not nourish the world

et al. 2020

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“…Recent studies suggest that there is enough space worldwide with suitable conditions to increase aquaculture production in most coastal regions and especially in off‐the‐coast and offshore areas (Gentry et al 2017; Oyinlola et al 2018; Weiss et al 2018). Nevertheless, aquaculture production is growing at a slower rate than expected, meaning that there are other factors limiting its expansion, especially offshore.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This concern is intensified where there is a need for biosecurity such as the need for appropriate spacing between farms. Such issues are especially relevant in coastal and off‐the‐coast aquaculture, as they reduce the area suitable for aquaculture (Gentry et al 2017; Oyinlola et al 2018; Weiss et al 2018). The need for tools, such as circulation models for prediction of oceanographic conditions (especially to predict how harmful algal blooms or disease vectors can be transported) and estimates of environmental and climate change risk potential, and environmental carrying capacity were highlighted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prospecting for suitable locations is a critical part of spatial planning for offshore aquaculture development (Kapetsky et al 2013). While lack of space has been considered as one of the main obstacles for the expansion of marine aquaculture (Sanchez‐Jerez et al 2016), recent studies highlight the global availability of large areas with suitable environmental conditions, especially offshore (Kapetsky et al 2013; Gentry et al 2017; Oyinlola et al 2018; Weiss et al 2018). But, currently the commercial or experimental production of off‐the‐coast and offshore aquaculture is still minimal (Soto & Wurmann 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global stakeholder vision for ecosystem‐based marine aquaculture expansion from coastal to offshore areas

Galparsoro

Murillas

Pınarbaşı

et al. 2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Marine aquaculture is the most promising industry for ensuring future provision of seafood. Yet, the worldwide growth and expansion of this industry have been slower than expected, calling for the identification of environmentally suitable sites while accounting for all factors that could constrain or benefit its establishment. Here, we determine the main obstacles and risks hindering the growth and expansion of marine aquaculture, as well as the needs and recommendations to overcome such constraints. Our analysis is based on results obtained from a consultation process held in 16 study sites located around the world with the participation of 614 stakeholders representing the research community, aquaculture industry, government, conservation groups, and education and fishermen associations. A high level of commonality exists in the main issues hindering aquaculture growth and expansion in coastal, off‐the‐coast and offshore aquaculture with most being attributed to interactions with other maritime activities, including conflicts with other users and administrative procedures, including licensing. Critical needs for improved management and expansion of the aquaculture industry are related to planning and management of developments and technological advances, with economic and market needs featuring to a lesser extent. Key procedures recommended to assist further aquaculture growth are the standardisation and simplification of regulatory frameworks, improvement of governance, and the adoption of participatory processes to facilitate meaningful and productive stakeholder engagement. We strongly recommend stakeholder participation to enhance insights on the full environmental and human dimensions of marine management and for implementation of ecosystem‐based marine spatial planning.

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“…The application presented in this study confirms the potential of SRS for MSP and, based on the generality and transferability of the applied methodology, could be both tested in other areas and extended to different species. With respect to this latter point, it is worth remarking that the present work used SST satellite data as inputs for mechanistic models simulating ecophysiology and growth of seabass and seabream, while recent studies considered directly the water temperature values in relation to the thermal tolerance of the selected species (e.g., Longdill et al, 2008;Radiarta et al, 2008;Gentry et al, 2017;Weiss et al, 2018). The advantage of using a mechanistic model is related to the possibility of obtaining the integrated assessment of the temperature effects on fish physiology and growth over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site Suitability for Finfish Marine Aquaculture in the Central Mediterranean Sea

2020

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Farm site selection plays a critical role in determining the productivity, environmental impact, and interactions of aquaculture activities with ecosystem services. Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) provide spatially extensive datasets at high temporal and spatial resolution, which can be useful for aquaculture site selection. In this paper we mapped a finfish aquaculture Suitability Index (SI) applying the Spatial Multi-criteria Evaluation (SMCE) methodology. The robustness of the outcome of the SMCE was investigated using Uncertainty Analysis (UA), and in parallel we evaluate a set of alternative scenarios, aimed at minimizing the subjectivity associated with the decision process. The index is based on the outputs of eco-physiological models, which were forced using time series of sea surface temperature data, and on data concerning Significant Wave Height (SWH), distance to harbor, current sea uses, and cumulative impacts. The methodology was applied to map the suitability for farming of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) within the Italian Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ), under three scenarios: Blue Growth, Economic and Environment. Tyrrhenian and Ionian coastal areas were found to be more suitable, compared to the Northern Adriatic and southern Sicilian ones. In the latter, and in the western Sardinia, the index is also affected by higher uncertainty. The application presented suggests that SRS data could play a significant role in designing the Allocated Zones for Aquaculture, assisting policy makers and regulators in including aquaculture within maritime spatial planning.

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A global integrated analysis of open sea fish farming opportunities

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Farming fish in the sea will not nourish the world

Farming fish in the sea will not nourish the world

Global stakeholder vision for ecosystem‐based marine aquaculture expansion from coastal to offshore areas

Site Suitability for Finfish Marine Aquaculture in the Central Mediterranean Sea

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