A global review of the state of the evidence of household air pollution's contribution to ambient fine particulate matter and their related health impacts

Chowdhury, Sourangsu; Pillarisetti, Ajay; Oberholzer, Alicia; Jetter, James J.; Mitchell, John B.; Cappuccilli, Eva; Aamaas, Borgar; Aunan, Kristin; Pozzer, Andrea; Alexander, Donee

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2023.107835

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…We find residential sector emissions dominate PM 2.5 emissions (35%-75%) across airsheds in compliance with and in exceedance of the NAAQS (Figure 5). While we do not attempt a quantitative comparison with earlier studies (Chowdhury et al, 2023;Conibear et al, 2018;Karambelas et al, 2018;Venkataraman et al, 2018) from methodological differences among them, this work once again reiterates the importance of emissions from biomass fuel combustion for residential energy on widespread air pollution across India. Interestingly, formal sector emissions (industry and thermal power) are highest in airsheds of significant exceedance (annual mean PM 2.5 = 60-110 μg/m 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Venkataraman,

Anand,

Maji

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Emission sources influencing high particulate air pollution levels and related mortality in India have been studied earlier on country‐wide and sub‐national scales. Here, we use novel data sets of emissions (for 2019) and observations created under the Carbonaceous Aerosol Emissions, Source Apportionment, and Climate Impacts network in India (Venkataraman et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1175/bams‐d‐19‐0030.1) in WRF‐Chem simulations to evaluate drivers of high PM2.5 levels during episodes and in airsheds with different pollution levels. We identify airsheds in “extreme” (110–140 μg/m3), “severe” (80–110 μg/m3) and “significant” (40–80 μg/m3) exceedance of the Indian annual ambient air quality standard (National Ambient Air Quality Standards [NAAQS]) of 40 μg/m3 for PM2.5. We find that primary organic matter and anthropogenic mineral matter (largely coal fly‐ash) drive high PM2.5 levels, both annually and during high PM2.5 episodes. PM2.5 episodes are driven by organic aerosol in north India (Mohali) in wintertime but are additionally influenced by mineral matter and secondary inorganics in central (Bhopal), south India (Mysuru) and eastern India (Shyamnagar). Across airsheds in exceedance of the NAAQS and during high PM2.5 episodes, primary PM2.5 emissions arise largely from the residential sector (50%–75%). Formal sector emissions (industry, thermal power and transport; 40%–55%) drive airshed and episode scale PM2.5 exceedance in northern and eastern India. Agricultural residue burning emissions predominate (50%–75%) on episode scales, both in northern and central India, but not on annual scales. Interestingly, residential sector emissions strongly influence (60%–90%) airsheds in compliance with the NAAQS (annual mean PM2.5 < 40 μg/m3), implying the need for modern residential energy transitions for the reduction of ambient air pollution across India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Venkataraman,

Anand,

Maji

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Interventions to reduce ambient exposures generally require government and/or community-wide efforts. Household air pollution is also a substantial source of ambient air pollution (estimated at 15% in Sub-Saharan Africa 57 ), and thus efforts to transition to cleaner cooking are also fundamental to mitigating ambient air pollution. This study provides evidence that a vulnerable population – mothers and newborns in informal settlements – is being impacted by household and ambient air pollution, and thus can be used in advocacy efforts to relevant decision-makers and stakeholders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and drivers of maternal personal exposure to PM_2.5 in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Johnson,

Abuya,

Wickramanayake

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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“…HAP from cooking is the largest anthropogenic source (20%) of global ambient ne particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) emissions and is a major contributor to ambient (outdoor) air pollution and its attributable disease burden. 3,5,6 Traditional cooking is linked to the unsustainable harvesting of wood fuels, which contributes to forest degradation and climate change, 7 and HAP from biomass is the largest source and estimated to account for about 40% of global emissions of black carbon, a powerful climate-forcing agent. 6 Despite mounting awareness of the magnitude of these harms, progress in increasing adoption of clean household energy remains slow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The costs and benefits of clean cooking policies in low- and middle-income countries under real-world conditions

Jeuland,

Das,

Galeos

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Clean cooking technologies have the potential to deliver tremendous health, environmental, climate, and gender equity benefits. We use the BAR-HAP model to analyze the regional and global costs and benefits of policies to support household-level transitions to cleaner technologies. The analysis provides realistic, evidence-based estimates of the impacts of policy interventions, while remaining conservative about factors such as stove usage rates, subsidy leakage rates, and exposure levels. These conservative assumptions notwithstanding, policies supporting a clean cooking transition would still deliver net benefits of 1.4 trillion USD from 2020–2050 across 120 LMICs; those including some promotion of improved stoves have lower net social benefits. Most monetized benefits are from health – especially mortality – improvements, followed by averted CO2e. Although substantial investment will be needed to realize these benefits, the economic case for scaling up policy action is strong. Identifying effective policies to achieve more exclusive clean fuel use would only increase benefits.

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A global review of the state of the evidence of household air pollution's contribution to ambient fine particulate matter and their related health impacts

Cited by 28 publications

References 142 publications

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Patterns and drivers of maternal personal exposure to PM_2.5 in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

The costs and benefits of clean cooking policies in low- and middle-income countries under real-world conditions

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A global review of the state of the evidence of household air pollution's contribution to ambient fine particulate matter and their related health impacts

Cited by 28 publications

References 142 publications

Drivers of PM2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Drivers of PM2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Patterns and drivers of maternal personal exposure to PM2.5 in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

The costs and benefits of clean cooking policies in low- and middle-income countries under real-world conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Drivers of PM_2.5 Episodes and Exceedance in India: A Synthesis From the COALESCE Network

Patterns and drivers of maternal personal exposure to PM_2.5 in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya