The article examines the concept of green taxonomy as a key tool for sustainable development aimed at overcoming modern challenges. Green taxonomy is viewed as a classification system that allows identifying and assessing activities in terms of their contribution to achieving sustainable development goals. The focus is on systematizing activities in the following sectors: power, transport, agriculture, construction and waste management. The article discusses the prospects and potential threats of green taxonomy. Green taxonomy has significant potential to accelerate the transition to a sustainable economic model, support international climate commitments, and stimulate innovation. The study also highlights the need to improve the mechanisms for implementing green taxonomy to ensure its effectiveness and adaptation to changing conditions and needs of society.