A Global Survey of Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) Identified vAh Strains in the Lower Mekong River Basin and Diverse Opportunistic Pathogens from Farmed Fish and Other Environmental Sources

Xu, Tingbi; Rasmussen-Ivey, Cody; Moen, Francesco S.; Fernández-Bravo, Ana; Lamy, Brigitte; Beaz-Hidalgo, Roxana; Khan, Chan Dara; Escarpulli, Graciela Castro; Yasin, Ina Salwany Md; Figueras, María José; Azzam-Sayuti, Mohamad; Karim, Muhammad Manjurul; Alam, Khorshed; Le, Thao Thu Thi; Thao, Ngo Huynh Phuong; Addo, Samuel; Duodu, Samuel; Ali, Shahzad; Latif, Tooba; Mey, Sothea; Somony, Thay; Liles, Mark R.

doi:10.1128/spectrum.03705-22

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Previous studies have showed that hypervirulent A. hydrophila strains all contained an iol cluster and could utilize myo-inositol as a sole carbon source. This is an important trait differentiating these strains from other A. hydrophila isolates (95)(96)(97). In A. hydrophila strains WCX23 and 23-C-23, the iol metabolic gene cluster was inserted next to a tRNA-His locus, contained a sodium solute symporter (SSS) and was flanked on both side by genes encoding a type six secretion system (T6SS).…”

Section: Examination Of the Evolutionary History Of The Proteins Iolg...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic stress response of the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticus: acquisition of catabolism gene clusters for the compatible solute and signaling moleculemyo-inositol

Boas Lichty,

Loughran,

Ushijima

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Marine bacteria experience fluctuations in osmolarity that they must adapt to, and most bacteria respond to high osmolarity by accumulating compatible solutes. The osmotic stress response and compatible solutes used by the marine pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus are unknown. In this study, we showed that to alleviate osmotic stress V. coralliilyticus biosynthesized the compatible solute glycine betaine (GB) and transported choline, GB, ectoine, dimethylglycine, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate, for osmoprotection, but not myo-inositol. Myo-inositol is a stress protectant and a signaling molecule that is biosynthesized by algae. Bioinformatics analysis identified two contiguous myo-inositol metabolic gene clusters in all V. coralliilyticus genomes. Growth pattern analysis demonstrated that V. coralliilyticus utilized myo-inositol as a sole carbon source, with a short 3 h lag time, and the inositol 2-dehydrogenase (iolG) gene was required for this growth. Genetic analysis identified both an MFS-type (IolT1) and ABC-type (IolXYZ) transporter in the metabolic gene clusters that transported myo-inositol. Further genomics and phylogenetic analyses showed that the myo-inositol metabolic gene clusters were widespread among Vibrionaceae (Vibrio, Photobacterium, Enterovibrio, and Grimontia species) and acquired several times within the group. IolG was most closely related to IolG from Aeromonas, Pectobacterium (formerly Erwinia), and Dickeya species. These species contained the iol genes in a single metabolic gene cluster with an iolXYZ transporter. In Aeromonas, the cluster was always found within mobile genetic elements, but present only in a few species, predominantly in strains of A. hydrophila and A. dhakensis.

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Section: Examination Of the Evolutionary History Of The Proteins Iolg...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic stress response of the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticus: acquisition of catabolism gene clusters for the compatible solute and signaling moleculemyo-inositol

Boas Lichty,

Loughran,

Ushijima

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Figure 1 provides a timeline of milestones in A. dhakensis research, particularly relating to nomenclature and classification, as well as increasing recognition for its role in fish and human diseases. et al [64]; 10 Chen et al [1]; 11 Fernández-Bravo and Figueras [2]; 12 Bartie et al [16]; 13 Erickson et al [17]. et al [64]; 10 Chen et al [1]; 11 Fernández-Bravo and Figueras [2]; 12 Bartie et al [16]; 13 Erickson et al [17].…”

Section: Nomenclature and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…et al [64]; 10 Chen et al [1]; 11 Fernández-Bravo and Figueras [2]; 12 Bartie et al [16]; 13 Erickson et al [17]. et al [64]; 10 Chen et al [1]; 11 Fernández-Bravo and Figueras [2]; 12 Bartie et al [16]; 13 Erickson et al [17].…”

Section: Nomenclature and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cause gastroenteritis, infections of wounds, skin and soft tissues and bacteraemia, with the most commonly isolated species being Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas dhakensis, Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria [2][3][4]. Meanwhile, several species, notably A. hydrophila, A. dhakensis, A. veronii, Aeromonas jandaei, Aeromonas sobria and A. caviae, are responsible for motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS) syndrome in many species of fish, a debilitating condition implicated in significant morbidity and mortality losses in warm-water intensive aquaculture [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. MAS has a varying presentation across hosts, with typical external signs in fish including reddened or eroded fins, diffuse haemorrhages on the skin, eyes and fins, scale loss and appearance of surface lesions, distension of the abdomen, inflammation of the anus and exophthalmia [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aeromonas dhakensis: A Zoonotic Bacterium of Increasing Importance in Aquaculture

Bartie,

Desbois

2024

Pathogens

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Aeromonas dhakensis is increasingly recognised to be an important pathogen responsible for disease losses in warm-water aquaculture and, similar to several other Aeromonas species, it can infect humans. Knowledge of A. dhakensis is accumulating, but this species remains relatively under-investigated compared to its close relative, Aeromonas hydrophila. The significance of A. dhakensis may have been overlooked in disease events of aquatic animals due to issues with reliable identification. Critical to appreciating the importance of this pathogen is the application of dependable molecular tools that enable accurate identification and discrimination from A. hydrophila and other motile aeromonads. This review aims to synthesise the key literature on A. dhakensis, particularly with relevance to aquaculture, including knowledge of the bacterium derived from disease case studies in aquatic hosts. Identification methods and strain phylogeny are discussed, with accurate detection important for prompt diagnosis and for distinguishing strains with heightened virulence. Increasing evidence suggests that A. dhakensis may be more virulent than A. hydrophila and correct identification is required to determine the zoonotic risks posed, which includes concerns for antibiotic-resistant strains. This review provides an impetus to improve species identification in the future and screen strain collections of presumptive Aeromonas spp. retrospectively to reveal the true prevalence and impact of A. dhakensis in aquaculture, the environment, and healthcare settings.

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“…Aeromonas hydrophila is a bacterium that belongs to the Vibrionaceae family and causes a variety of infections in fish 13 – 16 . This strain is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for Aeromonas motile septicemia in several fish species, including rainbow trout 17 , 18 . Pseudomonas fluorescens is a Gram-negative bacterium that grows optimally at 25–30 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic performance of B. subtilis MS. 45 improves aquaculture of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss during acute hypoxia stress

Neissi,

Majidi Zahed,

Roshan

2024

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to produce mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis with high probiotic performance for use in the aquaculture of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The main strain of B. subtilis (MS) was irradiated with gamma rays (5.3 KGy). Subsequently, the B. subtilis mutant strain no. 45 (MS. 45) was selected for bacterial growth performance, resistance to acidic conditions, resistance to bile salts and antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. After 60 days, the rainbow trout (70.25 ± 3.89 g) fed with MS. 45 and MS were exposed to hypoxia stress (dissolved oxygen = 2 ppm). Subsequently, immune indices (lysozyme, bacterial activity and complement activity), hematological indices [hematocrit, hemoglobin, WBC, RBC, mean corpuscular volume (MCV)] and antioxidant factors (T-AOC, SOD and MDA)) were analyzed after and before hypoxia exposure. The expression of immunological genes (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8) in the intestine and the expression of hypoxia-related genes (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, FIH1) in the liver were compared between the different groups under hypoxia and normoxia conditions. Growth, immunological and antioxidant indices improved in group MS. 45 compared to the other groups. Stress indices and associated immunologic and hypoxia expressions under hypoxia and normoxia conditions improved in MS. 45 compared to the other groups. This resulted in improved growth, immunity and stress responses in fish fed with the microbial supplement of MS. 45 (P < 0.05) under hypoxia and normoxia conditions, (P < 0.05), resulting in a significant improvement in trout aquaculture.

show abstract

A Global Survey of Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) Identified vAh Strains in the Lower Mekong River Basin and Diverse Opportunistic Pathogens from Farmed Fish and Other Environmental Sources

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Osmotic stress response of the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticus: acquisition of catabolism gene clusters for the compatible solute and signaling moleculemyo-inositol

Osmotic stress response of the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticus: acquisition of catabolism gene clusters for the compatible solute and signaling moleculemyo-inositol

Aeromonas dhakensis: A Zoonotic Bacterium of Increasing Importance in Aquaculture

Probiotic performance of B. subtilis MS. 45 improves aquaculture of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss during acute hypoxia stress

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