A global Water Quality Index and hot-deck imputation of missing data

Srebotnjak, Tanja; Carr, Geneviève M.; Sherbinin, Alex de; Rickwood, Carrie J.

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.023

Cited by 171 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A general evaluation is in agreement with the conclusion reached by Srebotnjak et al (2012): "no single widely accepted method has emerged and furthermore, all currently used indices are restricted in their applicability and scope, because each author adopted different indicators, weights and sub-indices. "…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Horton's pioneering effort was followed by several WQI variations, whose use has been strongly advocated by agencies responsible for water supply and water pollution control (Bharti and Katyal, 2001). Over the years many indices have been calculated, each for its own purpose (Štambuk-Giljanović, 1999;Bharti and Katyal, 2001;Nasirian, 2007;Srebotnjak et al, 2012). The basic difference between these indices is the way that their sub-indices were developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the attention that WQIs have received in scientific and popular publications, no single, widely-accepted method has emerged. Furthermore, all indices currently used are restricted in their applicability and scope, because each author adopted different indicators, weights and sub-indices (Srebotnjak et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ensuring adequate freshwater quality for both humans and ecological needs is an important aspect of integrated environmental management and sustainable development (Srebotnjak et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of water quality at the source of streams of the Sinos River Basin, southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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The Sinos River Basin (SRB) is located in the northeastern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (29°20' to 30°10'S and 50°15' to 51°20'W), southern Brazil, and covers two geomorphologic provinces: the southern plateau and the central depression. It is part of the Guaíba basin, has an area of approximately 800 km 2 and contains 32 counties. The basin provides drinking water for 1.6 million inhabitants in one of the most important industrial centres in Brazil. This study describes different water quality indices (WQI) used for the sub-basins of three important streams in the SRB: Pampa, Estância Velha/Portão and Schmidt streams. Physical, chemical and microbiological parameters assessed bimonthly using samples collected at each stream source were used to calculate the Horton Index (HI), the Dinius Index (DI) and the water quality index adopted by the US National Sanitation Foundation (NSF WQI) in the additive and multiplicative forms. These indices describe mean water quality levels at the streams sources. The results obtained for these 3 indexes showed a worrying scenario in which water quality has already been negatively affected at the sites where three important sub-basins in the Sinos River Basin begin to form.Keywords: water quality index (WQI), monitoring, Pampa stream, Estancia Velha/Portão stream, Schmidt stream. Avaliacão da qualidade da água das nascentes de arroios da Bacia do Rio dos Sinos, região sul do Brasil ResumoA Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos (BHRS) está localizada na região Nordeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (29°20' to 30°10'S and 50°15' to 51°20'W), na região Sul do Brasil, envolvendo duas regiões geomorfológicas, o planalto Sul e a depressão central. Esta bacia faz parte da Bacia do Guaíba e tem uma área de aproximadamente 800 km 2 , atingindo 32 municípios. A BHRS fornece água de abastecimento para cerca de 1.6 milhões de habitantes e para um dos mais importantes centros industriais do Brasil. Este artigo apresenta a determinação de diferentes índices de qualidade de água (IQA) para as regiões de nascente de três importantes sub-bacias pertencentes à BHRS: arroios Pampa, Estância Velha/Portão e Schmidt. Utilizando parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos, analisados em amostras coletadas bimestralmente em cada ponto próximo à nascente, foram calculados os índices de Horton (IH), de Dinius (ID) e o índice de qualidade de água da National Sanitation Foundation, EUA (IQANSF) usando os métodos somatório e produtório. Os resultados foram analisados para verificação da qualidade da água nos pontos amostrais a fim de comparar e classificar a água na região das nascentes das três sub-bacias. Uma avaliação conjunta dos índices calculados indicou que a água nos três pontos amostrais apresenta qualidade média. Os resultados dos três índices convergem a um cenário preocupante que indica que, desde os pontos iniciais de formação de três importantes sub-bacias do rio dos Sinos, já ocorrem problemas de qualidade de água.Palavras-chave: índices de qualidade de água (WQI), monito...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of water quality at the source of streams of the Sinos River Basin, southern Brazil

et al. 2015

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“…q i is a dimensionless number with a domain, where 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 denote very little, little, average, great, and greatest importance, respectively (Semiromi et al, 2011). And finally the WQI was generated as an aggregation of the sub-indices following a weighted aggregation method using the weighted sum model as per (Semiromi et al, 2011;Srebotnjak et al, 2012).…”

Section: Drinking Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%