A glucose biosensor using methyl viologen redox mediator on carbon film electrodes

Ghica, Mariana Emilia; Brett, Christopher M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2004.10.058

Cited by 96 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This is important, since it is intended that these polymer films will play the role of mediators in a biosensor assembly, where measurements are required to be made in the presence of Na + ions. It should also be noted that the electrolyte type does not have a significant influence on midpoint potential values, being −268 ± 1 mV in the case of PMG 3 , −311 ± 1 mV for PMB 3 and −772 ± 2 mV versus SCE for PNR, suggesting that any effects influence the anodic and cathodic processes equally.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Counter Ion Of The Supporting Electrolytementioning

confidence: 90%

“…6c, the peak separation E p = E pa − E pc increases at higher scan rates. This is an indication that the kinetics of electron transfer is less fast than for PNR and PMG 3 .…”

Section: Dependence On Scan Ratementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Surface-modified electrodes based on the electropolymerisation of viologen [3] and several phenazine, phenoxazine and phenothiazine derivatives have been reported in the literature [4,5]. * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrosynthesis and electrochemical characterisation of phenazine polymers for application in biosensors

Bârsan

Pinto

Brett

2008

Electrochimica Acta

Self Cite

109

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A comparative investigation has been undertaken of the electrosynthesis and electrochemical properties of three different electroactive polymers on carbon film electrode substrates: poly(neutral red) from the phenazine dye neutral red, and poly(methylene green) and poly(methylene blue), from the corresponding phenothiazine dyes. The formation of the radical cation at different potentials and the chemical structures of the monomers both influence the electropolymerisation process of the three polyaromatic dyes. Of the three, poly(neutral red) is shown to have the best adhesion at carbon film electrodes. The influence of the electrolyte and pH on film growth and on electrochemical properties was investigated. The formal potential decreased linearly with increase in pH, in the pH range from 1 to 7 for all three polymers. The modified electrodes were also characterised by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The bulk and interfacial characteristics of the two phenothiazine polymers were similar and oxygendependent, but different to those of the phenazine polymer, poly(neutral red), which were not significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen in solution. Perspectives for use in electrochemical biosensors are indicated.

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Section: The Effect Of the Counter Ion Of The Supporting Electrolytementioning

confidence: 90%

“…6c, the peak separation E p = E pa − E pc increases at higher scan rates. This is an indication that the kinetics of electron transfer is less fast than for PNR and PMG 3 .…”

Section: Dependence On Scan Ratementioning

confidence: 92%

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Electrosynthesis and electrochemical characterisation of phenazine polymers for application in biosensors

Bârsan

Pinto

Brett

2008

Electrochimica Acta

Self Cite

109

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“…Glutaraldehyde has usually been used as a protein cross-linking agent in biosensor fabrication using carbon-film electrodes [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Biosensors for glucose determination have been reported using ferrocene [9], CoHCF [10], methyl viologen [11] and PNR [12] as redox mediators, and multienzyme sensors have been used for analysis of various foodstuffs [13]. It is a bifunctional cross-linking agent which reacts with lysine residues on the exterior of the proteins.…”

Section: E-mail Address: Brett@ciucpt (Cma Brett)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and application of a flow cell for carbon-film based electrochemical enzyme biosensors

Bârsan

Klincar

Batič

et al. 2007

Talanta

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A flow cell has been designed for use with an electrochemical enzyme biosensor, based on low-cost carbon-film electrodes. Three types of mediators were used: cobalt and copper hexacyanoferrates and poly(neutral red) (PNR), covered with glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilised by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in the presence of bovine serum albumin or inside a oxysilane sol-gel network. Mixtures of sol-gel precursors were made from 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTOS) together with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS), methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS), tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS) or 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GOPMOS), and the best chosen for encapsulation. Optimisation in batch mode, using amperometric detection at fixed potential, showed the PNR-GOx modified carbon-film electrodes to be best for flow analysis for both glutaraldehyde and sol-gel enzyme immobilisation. Both types of enzyme electrode were tested under flow conditions and the reproducibility and stability of the biosensors were evaluated. The biosensors were used for fermentation monitoring of glucose in grape must and interference studies were also performed.

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“…(19) They have been widely used as mediators for different amperometric and conductimetric nitrate reductase enzyme biosensors such as nitrate biosensors (20,21) and glucose oxidase biosensors. (19,22) Viologens are highly water soluble and very toxic. Therefore, any practical device containing these electron mediators should be based on immobilized viologens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Conductometric Biosensor Based on PVC Membrane Containing Methyl Viologen/Nafion®/Nitrate Reductase for Determination of Nitrate in Natural Water Samples

2008

Sensors and Materials

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A highly sensitive, fast, and stable conductometric enzyme biosensor for the determination of nitrate in water is described and validated in natural water samples. The nitrate biosensor is based on a methyl viologen mediator mixed with nitrate reductase (NR) from Aspergillus niger and Nafion ® cation-exchange polymer dissolved in a plasticized PVC membrane deposited on the sensitive surface of interdigitated electrodes. The process parameters for the fabrication of the enzyme biosensor and various measuring conditions such as pH buffer concentration and temperature were investigated with regard to their effect on sensitivity, limit of detection, dynamic range and operational and storage stabilities. The sensitivity of the nitrate sensor was approximately 1.48 µS·L/mg, the detection limit was 1.2 µg/L, and linear calibration was in the range from 4×10 -3 to 8 mg/L with an application domain from 4×10 -3 to 50 mg/L. When stored in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) at 4°C, the sensor showed good stability over 2 months.

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A glucose biosensor using methyl viologen redox mediator on carbon film electrodes

Cited by 96 publications

References 29 publications

Electrosynthesis and electrochemical characterisation of phenazine polymers for application in biosensors

Electrosynthesis and electrochemical characterisation of phenazine polymers for application in biosensors

Design and application of a flow cell for carbon-film based electrochemical enzyme biosensors

Enzymatic Conductometric Biosensor Based on PVC Membrane Containing Methyl Viologen/Nafion®/Nitrate Reductase for Determination of Nitrate in Natural Water Samples

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