A “Good” Smoke? The Off-Label Use of Cannabidiol to Reduce Cannabis Use

Fortin, Davide; Beo, Vincent Di; Massin, Sophie; Bisiou, Yann; Carrieri, Patrizia; Barré, Tangui

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.829944

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our cluster analysis confirmed the relationship between cannabis and CBD use, suggesting that cannabis cousers constitute a distinct category of CBD users [26,30,31]. Given results from human studies and observational data, we can hypothesise that some people use CBD in an attempt to reduce their cannabis consumption [31,32]. We also found that poor self-reported general health status was associated with a higher likelihood of using CBD, and that health characteristics differ between clusters, suggesting CBD is used for therapeutic reasons [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Clusters differed in terms of age, gender, city size, tobacco and cannabis use, health characteristics and their view on the alternative medicines statement (Table 3). Our cluster analysis confirmed the relationship between cannabis and CBD use, suggesting that cannabis cousers constitute a distinct category of CBD users [26,30,31]. Given results from human studies and observational data, we can hypothesise that some people use CBD in an attempt to reduce their cannabis consumption [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Third, the relatively high prevalence of CBD use in our study highlights the need for reliable information on CBD's properties, and the importance of raising people's and physicians' awareness of possible adverse events (e.g., CBD hepatotoxicity at very high doses [15]) and drug-drug interactions with CBD [42]. Finally, as CBD is already used by French cannabis users, and given that it may lower harms related to illegal cannabis use (i.e., THC-rich cannabis from the black market) [31,43], the incorporation of CBD-based products into harm reduction approaches for cannabis users could be considered.…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabidiol use and perceptions in France: a national survey

et al. 2022

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Background Cannabidiol (CBD), a safe, non-intoxicating cannabis component, is growing in popularity in Europe and worldwide. However, CBD EU regulation is blurry, and consequent labelling and product quality issues may have implications for public health. There is therefore a need to assess the prevalence and perceived harmfulness of CBD use in EU countries, as well as to characterise CBD users. We aimed to do so in the French population. Methods In December 2021, an online survey was conducted in a sample respecting the French adult population structure for key demographic variables. Sociodemographic, behavioural and CBD perception data were collected. Three separate regressions were performed to identify correlates of i) having heard of CBD, ii) using CBD, iii) perceived harmfulness of CBD. A hierarchical classification was also performed to identify profiles of CBD users. Results The study sample comprised 1969 adults, of whom 69.2% had heard of CBD and 10.1% used it. Less than half (46.8%) of the former considered it harmful. Having heard of CBD was associated with younger age, being born in France, tobacco use, and cannabis use. CBD use was associated with younger age, tobacco use, cannabis use, poor self-reported general health status, and positive perception of alternative medicines. Cluster analysis revealed four different CBD user profiles based on socio-demographics and behavioural characteristics. Conclusion Ten percent of the adults in this French study used CBD, and several user profiles emerged. Our results indirectly advocate clearer European CBD regulations to ensure safe and high-quality products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabidiol use and perceptions in France: a national survey

et al. 2022

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“…However, it does reflect findings that besides being more common among tobacco users, CBD use is also more common among cannabis users [47], including users in France [31]. This would suggest that it is smoked in the form of CBD‐rich, low‐THC cannabis flowers, particularly if used as a substitute and/or a means for reducing cannabis use [47, 48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cannabidiol use in France in 2022: Results from a nationwide representative sample of adults

Barré,

Lahaie,

Di Beo

et al. 2024

Drug and Alcohol Review

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IntroductionCannabidiol (CBD) is a non‐intoxicating cannabis compound found in diverse commercial products worldwide. However, its use may not be fully harmless. Accordingly, it is important to document the prevalence of CBD use and user characteristics in the general population.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide survey from a random sample of adults living in France using computer‐assisted telephone interviews between 2 March and 9 July 2022. We estimated the prevalence of CBD awareness and CBD use, and explored the different routes of administration. We also performed logistic regression models to identify factors associated with past‐year CBD use.ResultsBased on data from 3229 participants, we estimated that 71.0% (95% confidence interval) (69.0–73.0) of the French adult population had heard of CBD, and 10.1% (8.7–11.4) had used it in the previous year. Past‐year CBD use was associated with younger age, a higher educational level, not living in a middle‐sized urban unit, tobacco consumption and e‐cigarette use. The most common route of administration was smoking (56.1%).Discussion and ConclusionPast‐year CBD use prevalence in France appeared to be as high as that for cannabis. Proper prevention, regulation and control of CBD products is necessary to ensure that people have access to safe and high‐quality products. Reliable information on CBD should be sought and disseminated, especially regarding the harms associated with smoking the compound.

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“…Fortin and colleagues [ 46 ] recently reported findings from an online anonymous survey of French residents who reported having used CBD within the past month. Respondents reported using CBD primarily to reduce their use of (illicit) cannabis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phase III multisite randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy of cannabidiol to placebo in the treatment of cannabis use disorder: the CBD-CUD study protocol

Bhardwaj,

Mills,

Doyle

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is increasingly common and contributes to a range of health and social problems. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid recognised for its anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and antipsychotic effects with no habit-forming qualities. Results from a Phase IIa randomised clinical trial suggest that treatment with CBD for four weeks reduced non-prescribed cannabis use in people with CUD. This study examines the efficacy, safety and quality of life of longer-term CBD treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe CUD. Methods/Design A phase III multi-site, randomised, double-blinded, placebo controlled parallel design of a 12-week course of CBD to placebo, with follow-up at 24 weeks after enrolment. Two hundred and fifty adults with moderate-to-severe CUD (target 20% Aboriginal), with no significant medical, psychiatric or other substance use disorders from seven drug and alcohol clinics across NSW and VIC, Australia will be enrolled. Participants will be administered a daily dose of either 4 mL (100 mg/mL) of CBD or a placebo dispensed every 3-weeks. All participants will receive four-sessions of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) based counselling. Primary endpoints are self-reported cannabis use days and analysis of cannabis metabolites in urine. Secondary endpoints include severity of CUD, withdrawal severity, cravings, quantity of use, motivation to stop and abstinence, medication safety, quality of life, physical/mental health, cognitive functioning, and patient treatment satisfaction. Qualitative research interviews will be conducted with Aboriginal participants to explore their perspectives on treatment. Discussion Current psychosocial and behavioural treatments for CUD indicate that over 80% of patients relapse within 1–6 months of treatment. Pharmacological treatments are highly effective with other substance use disorders but there are no approved pharmacological treatments for CUD. CBD is a promising candidate for CUD treatment due to its potential efficacy for this indication and excellent safety profile. The anxiolytic, antipsychotic and neuroprotective effects of CBD may have added benefits by reducing many of the mental health and cognitive impairments reported in people with regular cannabis use. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12623000526673 (Registered 19 May 2023).

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A “Good” Smoke? The Off-Label Use of Cannabidiol to Reduce Cannabis Use

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Cannabidiol use and perceptions in France: a national survey

Cannabidiol use and perceptions in France: a national survey

Cannabidiol use in France in 2022: Results from a nationwide representative sample of adults

A phase III multisite randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy of cannabidiol to placebo in the treatment of cannabis use disorder: the CBD-CUD study protocol

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