A green route to prepare metal-free phthalocyanine crystals with controllable structures by a simple solvothermal method

Li, Dapeng; Zhang, Peng; Ge, Suxiang; Sun, Guang–Zhen; He, Qin; Wang, Fa; Li, Yun; Ma, Jianzhong

doi:10.1039/d1ra04064b

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the case of each of the three tested zinc(II) phthalocyanines, regardless of its peripheric group, the final mass loss was equal to 66%, 65% and 75% for ZnPc_p, ZnPc_s and ZnPc, respectively. These results are consistent with the literature and indicate that zinc compounds, which do not undergo further degradation in the tested temperature range, are formed [67,68]. Interestingly, when ZnPc and ZnPc_p are compared, a shift of the HeatFlow peak towards lower temperature can be observed.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Materialssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanocomposites of Titanium Dioxide and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole

et al. 2022

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Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are often used in photosensitization of titanium(IV) oxide, a commonly employed photocatalyst, as such an approach holds the promise of obtaining highly stable and efficient visible light-harvesting materials. Herein, we report on the preparation, characterization and photoactivity of a series of composites based on TiO2 and peripherally modified metallophthalocyanines: either tetrasulfonated or 4,4′,4′′,4′′′-tetraazaphthalocyanines, with either copper(II), nickel(II) or zinc(II) as the central metal ion. Physicochemical characterization was performed using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, hydrodynamic particle-size analysis, surface-area analysis using N2 adsorption-desorption measurements and thermogravimetry combined with differential scanning calorimetry. The band-gap energy values were lower for the composites with peripherally modified phthalocyanines than for the commercial TiO2 P25 or the unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine-grafted TiO2. TG–DSC results confirmed that the chemical deposition, used for the preparation of Pc/TiO2 composites, is a simple and efficient method for TiO2 surface modification, as all the Pc load was successfully grafted on TiO2. The photocatalytic potential of the Pc/TiO2 materials was assessed in the photocatalytic removal of sulfamethoxazole—a commonly used antibacterial drug of emerging ecological concern. To compare the activity of the materials in different conditions, photodegradation tests were conducted both in water and in an organic medium.

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Section: Photocatalytic Materialssupporting

confidence: 92%

Nanocomposites of Titanium Dioxide and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole

et al. 2022

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“…[114] More recently, the solvothermal synthesis of a metal-free Pc in non-harmful solvents was achieved. [115] Since the reaction cannot take advantage of the templating effect of metal ions, DBU or 1,5-diazabicyclo-[4.3.0]-non-5-ene (DBN) were necessary to obtain the final product. Additionally, ethanol emerged as the better solvent option.…”

Section: Solvothermal Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalocyanines Synthesis: A State‐of‐The‐Art Review of Sustainable Approaches Through Green Chemistry Metrics

Zanotti,

Palmeri,

Raglione

2024

Chemistry A European J

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Driven by escalating environmental concerns, synthetic chemistry faces an urgent need for a green revolution. Green chemistry, with its focus on low environmental impacting chemicals and minimized waste production, emerges as a powerful tool in addressing this challenge. Metrics such as the E‐factor guide the design of environmentally friendly strategies for chemical processes by quantifying the waste generated in obtaining target products, thus enabling interventions to minimize it. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), versatile molecules with exceptional physical and chemical properties, hold immense potential for technological applications. This review aims to bridge the gap between green chemistry and phthalocyanine synthesis by collecting the main examples of environmentally sustainable syntheses documented in the literature. The calculation of the E‐factor of a selection of them provides insights on how crucial it is to evaluate a synthetic process in its entirety. This approach allows for a better evaluation of the actual sustainability of the phthalocyanine synthetic process and indicates possible strategies to improve it.

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“…酞菁(Phthalocyanine, Pc)是一类由四个异吲哚环通过氮原子首尾相连形成的大环共轭体系 [5][6] , 其中心具有直径约为 27 nm 的空腔, 可以与许多金属元素进行配位形成高度稳定的金属酞菁 (Metal-Phthalocyanine) (Figure 1) [7][8] . 无论是空腔酞菁还是金属酞菁配合物都具有丰富的电子结构及优异的光电性质, 它们在催化合成 [9][10][11] 、光电材料 [12][13] 和生物医学 [14][15] 等领域都得到了广泛应用.…”

Section: 酞菁和亚酞菁简介unclassified

Research Progress in Synthesis, Properties and Application of Subphthalocyanine

Zhou,

Tu,

Gao

et al. 2023

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

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Subphthalocyanine, as a typical contracted analogue of phthalocyanine, exhibits novel cone structure, excellent luminescent properties and high flexibility of modification, which enables it as a new type of fluorescent dye with great research prospects. It has been proved that simple modifications of the axial, peripheral or central ring structure of subphthalocyanine can effectively regulate its physical and chemical properties, such as solubility, absorption/fluorescence emission, fluorescence quantum yield and singlet oxygen yield, and these properties have attracted extensive attentions from chemists in recent years. This review introduces the structures, properties and research significance of subphthalocyanine. Then, the progress in the synthesis, the relationship between properties and molecular structure of subphthalocyanin, and their applications in the area of biochemistry, material chemistry and environmental chemistry are reviewed emphatically. Finally, the development status of subphthalocyanine is summarized, and the further development of subphthalocyanine is discussed and proposed. Keywords subphthalocyanine; structures; photoelectric properties; application 早在 20 世纪初, 日本著名化学家 Meller 和 Ossko [1] 在合成酞菁的过程中就偶然得到了亚酞菁. 随后科学家们通过 X 射线单晶衍射分析实验证实了亚酞菁的结构 [2] , 该发现为酞菁衍生物的发展开辟了新的研究方向. 与酞菁相比, 亚酞菁具有类似的共轭体系和光电性质, 在离子检测、有机太阳能电池、光敏剂、化学传感器、光动力治疗癌症等领域有广阔的应用前景 [3][4] , 因此本文主要综述了亚酞菁的研究进展.

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A green route to prepare metal-free phthalocyanine crystals with controllable structures by a simple solvothermal method

Abstract: The quadrangular β phthalocyanine and multiply-laminated α phthalocyanine crystals could be synthesized via a solvothermal route by using DBU and DBN, respectively.

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Nanocomposites of Titanium Dioxide and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole

Nanocomposites of Titanium Dioxide and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole

Phthalocyanines Synthesis: A State‐of‐The‐Art Review of Sustainable Approaches Through Green Chemistry Metrics

Research Progress in Synthesis, Properties and Application of Subphthalocyanine

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