A green solvent-to-polymer upgrading approach to water-soluble LCST poly(N-substituted lactamide acrylate)s

Abstract

A solvent-to-polymer upgrading strategy was developed to convert green solvents of the lactic acid portfolio into LCST-type acrylic polymers and hydrogels.

Green Solvent-Based Antifouling Polymer Brushes Demonstrate Excellent Hemocompatibility

“…However, considering that fossil oil and gas reserves are projected to be depleted by around 2040 and 2042, respectively, there is a pressing need to address resource limitations, environmental concerns, financial incentives, and regulatory pressures. This has driven the exploration of sustainable alternatives in the realm of polymer development. − Regarding bio-based polymer brushes, efforts have yielded innovations like poly­(α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) brushes sourced from tulips, poly­(cholesteryl methacrylate) brushes, poly­(cysteine methacrylate) brushes, and poly­(lactic acid) brushes. , Nevertheless, the investigation into bio-based polymer brushes with antifouling properties comparable to their fossil-based counterparts is still relatively limited. Given this existing gap, the application of current bio-based polymer brushes is fraught with challenges as they may cause surface-associated complications such as blood coagulation or bacterial colonization.…”

“…In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of hydrophilic polymer brushes composed of a green solvent-based monomer that are on par with the best antifouling hemocompatible fossil-based polymer brushes (Figure ). The polymer brushes were formed by grafting N , N -dimethyl lactamide acrylate (DMLA), which is derived from lactic acid through the green biosolvent N , N -dimethyl lactamide, commercially available as Agnique AMD 3L. ,, DMLA possesses inherent hydrophilicity and, in contrast to HPMA, lacks a hydroxyl group. The latter suggests that DMLA is less likely to activate the complement system upon contact with blood, mitigating potential concerns in this regard.…”

“…The polymer brushes were formed by grafting N,N-dimethyl lactamide acrylate (DMLA), which is derived from lactic acid through the green biosolvent N,N-dimethyl lactamide, commercially available as Agnique AMD 3L. 53,54,60 DMLA possesses inherent hydrophilicity and, in contrast to HPMA, lacks a hydroxyl group. The latter suggests that DMLA is less likely to activate the complement system upon contact with blood, mitigating potential concerns in this regard.…”