2007
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2006.12.003
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A green synthesis of isatoic anhydrides from isatins with urea–hydrogen peroxide complex and ultrasound

Abstract: The oxidation of isatins at room temperature, using the cheap and environmentally friendly urea-hydrogen peroxide complex and ultrasonic irradiation, has been investigated. The ultrasonic irradiation dramatically reduces the reaction time. With easy and reproducible reaction procedures, different isatoic anhydrides were obtained in excellent yield and with high purity.

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Cited by 30 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Our synthetic method simplifies isatin transformations considerably compared to prior methods. Synthesis of isatoic anhydride from isatin previously required using reagents such as peroxides 21,22 , phenyliodide 23 , and NBS 24 ; making benzamide derivatives from isatin required using chromic acid 25 , peroxide/phosphate buffer systems 26 , or in situ generated hydrazoic acid 27,14 ; and generating amino benzamide derivatives from isatoic anhydride required using ammonia 22,28 and ammonium carbonate 29 . In contrast, we can now approach multiple classes of derivatives from IAA using mild, established reactions.…”
Section: Mechanism Of Iaa Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our synthetic method simplifies isatin transformations considerably compared to prior methods. Synthesis of isatoic anhydride from isatin previously required using reagents such as peroxides 21,22 , phenyliodide 23 , and NBS 24 ; making benzamide derivatives from isatin required using chromic acid 25 , peroxide/phosphate buffer systems 26 , or in situ generated hydrazoic acid 27,14 ; and generating amino benzamide derivatives from isatoic anhydride required using ammonia 22,28 and ammonium carbonate 29 . In contrast, we can now approach multiple classes of derivatives from IAA using mild, established reactions.…”
Section: Mechanism Of Iaa Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isatoic anhydrides are generally used as intermediates in organic synthesis and lead to a wide variety of compounds and building blocks, most often anthranilic acids. A novel, fast and environmentally friendly sonochemical procedure for the oxidation of isatins has recently been reported by Deligeorgiev, et al [15]. The protocol entails the use of a urea-hydrogen peroxide complex in acetic or formic acid.…”
Section: Isatins Oxidationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are used in the manufacture of agricultural chemicals, dyes, pigments and corrosion inhibitors, as crosslinking agents and chain stoppers in resins in polymer and rubber chemistry. They have use also in the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries, as well as in cosmetics and perfumes production (Pummerer et al, 1940;Miyamae, 1940;Matos et al, 2003;Deligeorgiev et al, 2007). Isatoic compounds are also employed as intermediates in the organic synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, such as phthalimides, quinazolinones and benzimidazoles (Coppola, 1980;Kappe & Stadlbauer, 1981;Nawrot et al, 1997).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%