“…Driven by market demands, the manufacturing industry is undergoing significant transformations. With the rapid development of information technology, such as web service, cloud computing, manufacturing technology, manufacturing grid, Internet of things, and other networked manufacturing modes, cloud manufacturing (CMfg) is proposed and developed successfully . The main purpose of CMfg is to provide user with on‐demand, always‐ready, high‐quality and low‐consumption service, which is available for product design, manufacturing, testing, simulation and maintenance, and other manufacturing lifecycle process.…”