A Guide to Poisonous House and Garden Plants

Knight, Anthony

doi:10.1201/b16160

Cited by 30 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…A popular South African lily, Clivia miniata (clivia) (Fig. 6), contains phenanthridine alkaloids (lycorine, clivonine, clivatine, miniatine, hippeastrine) in the leaves, stems and bulbs and is widely used as a garden or house plant, but rarely causes poisoning 36 . Irises (Iris spp.)…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential plant poisonings in dogs and cats in southern Africa : review article

Botha¹,

Penrith²

2009

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Plant poisoning occurs less commonly in dogs and cats than in herbivorous livestock, but numerous cases have been documented worldwide, most of them caused by common and internationally widely cultivated ornamental garden and house plants. Few cases of poisoning of cats and dogs have been reported in southern Africa, but many of the plants that have caused poisoning in these species elsewhere are widely available in the subregion and are briefly reviewed in terms of toxic principles, toxicity, species affected, clinical signs, and prognosis. The list includes Melia azedarach (syringa), Brunfelsia spp. (yesterday, today and tomorrow), Datura stramonium (jimsonweed, stinkblaar), a wide variety of lilies and lily-like plants, cycads, plants that contain soluble oxalates, plants containing cardiac glycosides and other cardiotoxins and euphorbias (Euphorbia pulcherrima, E. tirucalli). Poisoning by plant products such as macadamia nuts, onions and garlic, grapes and raisins, cannabis (marijuana, dagga) or hashish and castor oil seed or seedcake is also discussed. Many of the poisonings are not usually fatal, but others frequently result in death unless rapid action is taken by the owner and the veterinarian, underlining the importance of awareness of the poisonous potential of a number of familiar plants.

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Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential plant poisonings in dogs and cats in southern Africa : review article

Botha¹,

Penrith²

2009

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…and Pieris spp. (PLUMLEE et al, 1992;KNIGHT, 2006;) and Nerium oleander (PEDROSO et al, 2009), should be included in the differential diagnosis. In the present study on R. simsii in goats, there were no signifi cant gross and microscopic alterations, similar to what was observed for cattle experimentally poisoned with R. indicum (TOKARNIA et al, 1996).…”

Section: Descrevementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhododendron simsii poisoning in goats in Southern Brazil

et al. 2014

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“…S. halepense (Johnson grass), a naturalized and invasive plant present in Romania's spontaneous flora (Sîrbu, 2012), under certain soil and climate conditions, ie frost or drought, contain a cyanogen nitrile glycoside (durrhin) whose toxicity level is low, after Knight (2007). Durrhin, by hydrolysis at an alkaline pH or by crushing the plant, decomposes into glucose, oxybenzoic acid and hydrogen cyanide which inactivate cell ferments and produce respiratory center paralysis (Popescu et al, 1981) and cardiac arrest (D'Mello, 2002).…”

Section: Poisoning With Plants Containing Cyanogenic Glycosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pteridium aquilinum (Bracken fern). All parts of the plant are toxic (Knight, 2007), having several principles: ptaquiloside -unstable glycoside (German, 2017) that, under alkaline conditions is transformed into conjugated dieneone which is readily added to various nucleophilic compounds, the exerted action being positively carcinogenic (http://ethnobotanical.info,); at least two carcinogenic potential principles: quercetin şi kaempferol (http://ethnobotanical.info,); prunasin which are glycoside; thiaminase, an enzyme that reduces the thiamine reserve of the body, present in the leaves and root (Stegelmeier, http://www.msdvetmanual.com; http://www. pfaf.org,).…”

Section: Poisoning With Plants Containing Other Toxic Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another cyanogenic glycoside is vicianine (Tewe et al, 1989), to which, it is added purgative substances (www.weeds. mangrovemountain.net, 2008); sambucinealkaloid, plus triterpenoides, resins, lecitins (Knight, 2007). Cyanogenic glycosides, by enzymatic or acidic hydrolysis, release cyanogenic acid, which inhibits enzymes that play a role in tissue respiration, producing histotoxic hypoxia.…”

Section: Poisoning With Plants Containing Cyanogenic Glycosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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