“…This underscores the need for clear assessment instructions, sufficient tools, and support while also monitoring how students perceive the assessment tasks and their workload. Peer and self-assessment are associated with various benefits that are relevant to physical chemistry learning, including critical thinking, metacognitive knowledge, and problemsolving gains (Topping, 1998;Mok et al, 2006;Huisman et al, 2019;Hadzhikoleva et al, 2019), better learning outcomes (Partanen, 2018;Partanen, 2023) and improved attitudes (Partanen, 2020;Partanen, 2023). Consequently, its use in physical chemistry education is cautiously recommended.…”