A Gut Feeling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Microbiome of Mice and Men

Martin, Sarah; Battistini, Carolina; Sun, Jun

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.839526

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…One of these data found was that the intestinal microbiota can translocate to the bloodstream when intestinal vascular permeability is evident and metabolites triggered by bacteria can control glutamate and GABA, generating stress in the CNS. In this sense, the presence of LPS in blood circulation was detected in stressed rats [20][21][22].…”

Section: Composition Of the Microbiota Of Patients With Alsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The ENS and smooth muscle automatism are unable to modulate the motor functions of the digestive tract, which provides an anatomical explanation for these clinical manifestations. This process is related to the fact that 70-80% of the total number of human immune cells are within the lymph nodes of the intestinal mucosa, which suggests the possible role of the microbiota in the ability to impact neuroimmune [19][20][21]. Although the etiology of ALS is still not well established, the gut microbiota may mediate the pathology of the disease, mainly due to pro-inflammatory gut microbiomes (Figure 1).…”

Section: Relation Between Microbiota and Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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"The Relevance of the Microbiota in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"

Ferreira

2023

BJSTR

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The term "microbiota" dates back to the beginning of the 20th century and refers to a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts and viruses, which coexist in various parts of the human body (intestine, skin, lung, oral cavity). Growing evidence has confirmed that the microbiota is associated with the development of numerous diseases, including brain disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. A neurodegenerative disease that has been gaining prominence in the study of microbiota is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), which mainly affects the motor system. In this perspective, the present work consists of a narrative, qualitative, exploratory descriptive review with the objective of compiling knowledge about the relevance of the microbiota in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This is a bibliographic search carried out in February 2023 in the PubMed and Virtual Health Library databases with the descriptors "microbiota", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" and "treatment", combined using the Boolean operator AND in the range of time over the past 5 years. This research evidenced the relationship between microbiota and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in four axes: relation between microbiota and central nervous system, the role of antibiotic use in ALS, microbiota composition in patients with ALS and fecal microbiota transplantation. The findings indicate that the microbiota may play a critical role in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, given that the influence of the microbiome in the protection of homeostatic microglia with the inhibition of the neurodegenerative phenotype, the presence of certain microorganisms influencing the progression of the disease and consequent degeneration, the role of antibiotic use in the progression of ALS, fecal microbiota transplantation as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of this pathology and possible therapeutic strategies for ALS. However, research on the relationship between gut microbiota and ALS is still in its early stages, but the fact that the microbiota has been closely associated with other neurodegenerative diseases raises hopes for the future.

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Section: Composition Of the Microbiota Of Patients With Alsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Relation Between Microbiota and Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

"The Relevance of the Microbiota in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"

Ferreira

2023

BJSTR

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“…This reflects, for example, a significant reduction of butyrate-producing bacteria in SOD 1 -mutant mice. Butyrate-producing bacteria are known to play important roles in the control of intestinal inflammatory processes, and the maturation of the immune system, because the short-chain fatty acid butyrate inactivates lymphocyte maturation [ 70 ].…”

Section: Pathogenic Risk Factors Involved In Alsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Oxidative Stress on the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Its Relation with the Enteric Nervous System

López-Pingarrón

Almeida

Soria-Aznar

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons in the spinal cord, cerebral cortex, and medulla oblongata. Most patients present a clinical phenotype of classic ALS—with predominant atrophy, muscle weakness, and fasciculations—and survival of 3 to 5 years following diagnosis. In the present review, we performed a literature search to provide an update on the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ALS. There are two types of ALS: the familial form with genetic involvement, and the sporadic form with a multifactorial origin. ALS pathophysiology is characterized by involvement of multiple processes, including oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. Moreover, it is proposed that conditioning risk factors affect ALS development, such as susceptibility to neurodegeneration in motor neurons, the intensity of performed physical activity, and intestinal dysbiosis with involvement of the enteric nervous system, which supports the existing theories of disease generation. To improve patients’ prognosis and survival, it is necessary to further deepen our understanding of the etiopathogenesis of ALS.

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“…In addition, certain lactic acid bacteria, such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus amylovorus, are also likely to have anti-enteroviral activity [133,134]. Moreover, it has been shown that in ALS the disturbances in the balance of the intestinal microbiota are present [135].…”

Section: Anti-enteroviral Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: integral model of pathogenesis and therapy options

Doroshenko

2022

Preprint

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive central nervous system degenerative disease, in most cases within 2–3 years inevitably leading to mixed tetraplegia and subsequent death from diaphragmatic paralysis. While for almost half of hereditary cases, mutations are identified as the cause of the disease, the sporadic form of ALS (sALS), due to the polymorphism and complexity of the putative developmental mechanisms raises a lot of questions. To date, there are no sufficiently effective pathogenetic methods for the disease treatment. All the above mentioned makes ALS one of the most relevant and, at the same time, unexplored topics in neurology. In this review, the author combines the most important, in our opinion, currently known factors of sALS pathogenesis, including Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) – the infection, TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology, human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) reactivation, RNA-specific editase 1 (ADAR2) dysfunction and oxidative stress (OS) into a unified illustrative model. The author is suggesting a probable sequence of pathogenetic links, based on data regarding the presence of pathophysiological links between them and their ability to cause the typical for sALS histochemical pattern. Simultaneously, the author makes assumptions about the developmental mechanisms for some secondary disorders typical for sALS. In conclusion, in accordance with the derived model, the author conducts a review of possible pharmacological interventions of pathogenetic and etiotropic therapy. The author describes both clinically proven effective drugs, and previously unstudied, but extremely promising compounds that require further testing.

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A Gut Feeling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Microbiome of Mice and Men

Cited by 35 publications

References 88 publications

"The Relevance of the Microbiota in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"

"The Relevance of the Microbiota in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"

Role of Oxidative Stress on the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Its Relation with the Enteric Nervous System

Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: integral model of pathogenesis and therapy options

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