A haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene modulates regional homogeneity, gray matter volume, and visual memory in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Shang, Chi-Yung; Lin, Hon‐Yi; Tseng, Wen‐Yih Isaac; Gau, Susan Shur‐Fen

doi:10.1017/s0033291718000144

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Although we matched the groups on age, future studies may want to explore how mentalising changes as a function of age in children with CU. An important task for future research will be to consider the role of trauma and anxiety when assessing affective responses in children with CU as recent research has found differential responses to affective stimuli in children with high levels of trauma/anxiety and high levels of CU (Meffert et al 2018 ). Finally, we only assessed boys and it will be important to see whether these difficulties extend to girls with CP/HCU.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking about Others’ Minds: Mental State Inference in Boys with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

Roberts

McCrory

Bird

et al. 2020

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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Children with conduct problems (CP) and high levels of callous-unemotional traits (CP/HCU) have been found to have an intact ability to represent other minds, however, they behave in ways that indicate a reduced propensity to consider other people’s thoughts and feelings. Here we report findings from three tasks assessing different aspects of mentalising in 81 boys aged 11–16 [Typically developing (TD) n = 27; CP/HCU n = 28; CP and low levels of callous-unemotional traits (CP/LCU) n = 26]. Participants completed the Movie Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC), a task assessing ability/propensity to incorporate judgements concerning an individual’s mind into mental state inference; provided a written description of a good friend to assess mind-mindedness; and completed the Social Judgement Task (SJT), a new measure assessing mentalising about antisocial actions. Boys with CP/HCU had more difficulty in accurately inferring others’ mental states in the MASC than TD and CP/LCU boys. There were no group differences in the number of mind-related comments as assessed by the mind-mindedness protocol or in responses to the SJT task. These findings suggest that although the ability to represent mental states is intact, CP/HCU boys are less likely to update mental state inferences as a function of different minds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10802-020-00664-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking about Others’ Minds: Mental State Inference in Boys with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

Roberts

McCrory

Bird

et al. 2020

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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“…PG is the cortical motor area, and manages the opposite side half body to move at will. According to recent researches, this area also has relationship with depressive disorder (Li C. et al, 2018) and memory performance (Shang et al, 2018). In our study, the CU patients had decreased ReHo values in left PG, which may implicit the poor memory and black mood happened in CU.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Regional Homogeneity in Patients With Corneal Ulcer: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study

Liu

Tan

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Objective To investigate the potential regional homogeneity (ReHo) brain activity changes in patients with corneal ulcer (CU) and their possible relationship with clinical symptoms. Materials and Methods Forty patients with CU (26 men and 14 women), and 40 healthy controls (HCs) (26 men and 14 women) closely matched in age, sex, and weight underwent resting-state functional MRI scans, respectively. The ReHo method was applied to evaluate synchronous neural activity changes. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to show high test-retest stability and high degree of sensitivity and specificity. We utilized the correlation analysis to calculate the relationship between the average ReHo signal values in different brain areas and the clinical symptoms in CU patients. Results Compared with the HCs, CU patients had significantly increased ReHo values in right cerebellum posterior lobe, left cerebellum posterior lobe, left inferior temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left angular gyrus, left cingulate gyrus, right angular gyrus and bilateral superior frontal gyrus, and decreased ReHo values in right anterior cingulate and left precentral gyrus. ROC curve analysis of each brain regions showed the accuracy of AUC was perfect except the right cerebellum posterior lobe. Nevertheless, there was no clear evidence of prominent relevance between the average ReHo values in brain areas and the clinical symptoms. Conclusion Corneal ulcer caused dysfunctional adaption in different brain areas, which including relatively increased values and decreased values. This finding may help us take a further step in exploring the underlying pathologic mechanisms of CU.

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“…This semi-structured interview scale is a reliable and valid instrument to assess DSM-IV child and adolescent psychiatric disorders and has been widely used in a variety of studies regarding childhood mental disorders (e.g. (Gau and Huang, 2014; Chiang et al ., 2015; Shang et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter endophenotype candidates for ADHD: a diffusion imaging tractography study with sibling design

et al. 2019

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BackgroundBrain structural alterations are frequently observed in probands with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we examined the microstructural integrity of 76 white matter tracts among unaffected siblings of patients with ADHD to evaluate the potential familial risk and its association with clinical and neuropsychological manifestations.MethodsThe comparison groups included medication-naïve ADHD probands (n = 50), their unaffected siblings (n = 50) and typically developing controls (n = 50, age-and-sex matched with ADHD probands). Whole brain tractography was reconstructed automatically by tract-based analysis of diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI). Microstructural properties of white matter tracts were represented by the values of generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD).ResultsCompared to the control group, ADHD probands showed higher AD values in the perpendicular fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus I, corticospinal tract, and corpus callosum. The AD values of unaffected siblings were in the intermediate position between those of the ADHD and control groups. These AD values were significantly associated with ADHD symptoms, sustained attention and working memory, for all white matter tracks evaluated except for the perpendicular fasciculus. Higher FA and lower RD values in the right frontostriatal tract connecting ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (FS-VLPFC) were associated with better performance in spatial span only in the unaffected sibling group.ConclusionsAbnormal AD values of specific white matter tracts among unaffected siblings of ADHD probands suggest the presence of familial risk in this population. The right FS-VLPFC may have a role in preventing the expression of the ADHD-related behavioral phenotype.ClinicalTrials.gov numberNCT01682915

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A haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene modulates regional homogeneity, gray matter volume, and visual memory in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Abstract: Our findings suggest that the DAT1-related GMV alterations in the posterior cortical regions may contribute to visual memory performance in children with ADHD.

Cited by 32 publications

References 64 publications

Thinking about Others’ Minds: Mental State Inference in Boys with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

Thinking about Others’ Minds: Mental State Inference in Boys with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

Altered Regional Homogeneity in Patients With Corneal Ulcer: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study

White matter endophenotype candidates for ADHD: a diffusion imaging tractography study with sibling design

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