A hierarchical framework for studying the role of biodiversity in soil food web processes and ecosystem services

Kardol, Paul; Throop, Heather L.; Adkins, Jaron; Graaff, Marie‐Anne de

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.05.002

Cited by 46 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…use of pesticides, organic or mineral fertilisation, irrigation, type of culture, recent review in Bertrand et al, 2015). Even worse, to free the potential energy and nutrient content in the organic matter that earthworm activity could have stored in the soil, it is necessary to wake up microbial communities, purposely fed by plant exudates or even stimulated by a complex interaction with other organisms (Fitter and Garbaye, 1994;Blouin et al, 2013;Kardol et al, 2016). Earthworms are organisms working at a scale observable by the naked eye, and their numbers change following seasonal variations; bacteria occupy microscopic spaces and on one side (Stevenson, 1972(Stevenson, , 1985(Stevenson, , 1994Gobat et al, 1998;Janzen, 2006;Legros, 2007) that the stability of the content in bases depends of the capacity of exchange (CEC) of the soil, which takes place at the level of organic macromolecules, edge of mineral microstructures; on the other side (Schulten and Schnitzer, 1997;Leinweber and Schulten, 1998;Piccolo, 2001;van Heerwaarden et al, 2003;Kelleher and Simpson, 2006;Lehmann et al, 2008;Kleber et al, 2011) nutrients may take place between organic-mineral aggregates made by earthworms and microorganisms, or even be attracted by electrostatic forces of organic molecules generated by them.…”

Section: A Functional Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humusica 1, article 2: Essential bases—Functional considerations

Zanella

Berg

Ponge

et al. 2018

Applied Soil Ecology

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Section: A Functional Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humusica 1, article 2: Essential bases—Functional considerations

Zanella

Berg

Ponge

et al. 2018

Applied Soil Ecology

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“…lessons learned from plant trait literature, it may be possible to identify microbial and faunal characteristics that are quantitatively linked to ecosystem processes to improve model parameterization without exhaustive screening (Díaz et al, 2016;Kardol et al, 2016).…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, modelling ecosystem processes requires that traits must be constrained into the most parsimonious set of descriptors, so as not to over fit the model. Taking lessons learned from plant trait literature, it may be possible to identify microbial and faunal characteristics that are quantitatively linked to ecosystem processes to improve model parameterization without exhaustive screening (Díaz et al., ; Kardol et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, frameworks to capture trait syndromes for soil organisms are in their infancy. Given the importance of soil microbes and fauna for biogeochemical cycles (Carrillo, Ball, Bradford, Jordan, & Molina, 2011;de Vries et al, 2013;Kardol, Throop, Adkins, & de Graaff, 2016), this gap represents a major hurdle when incorporating soil microbial and faunal traits into C and biogeochemical models. Furthermore, modelling ecosystem processes requires that traits must be constrained into the most parsimonious set of descriptors, so as not to over fit the model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using plant, microbe, and soil fauna traits to improve the predictive power of biogeochemical models

et al. 2018

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Process‐based models describing biogeochemical cycling are crucial tools to understanding long‐term nutrient dynamics, especially in the context of perturbations, such as climate and land‐use change. Such models must effectively synthesize ecological processes and properties. For example, in terrestrial ecosystems, plants are the primary source of bioavailable carbon, but turnover rates of essential nutrients are contingent on interactions between plants and soil biota. Yet, biogeochemical models have traditionally considered plant and soil communities in broad terms. The next generation of models must consider how shifts in their diversity and composition affect ecosystem processes. One promising approach to synthesize plant and soil biodiversity and their interactions into models is to consider their diversity from a functional trait perspective. Plant traits, which include heritable chemical, physical, morphological and phenological characteristics, are increasingly being used to predict ecosystem processes at a range of scales, and to interpret biodiversity–ecosystem functional relationships. There is also emerging evidence that the traits of soil microbial and faunal communities can be correlated with ecosystem functions such as decomposition, nutrient cycling, and greenhouse gas production. Here, we draw on recent advances in measuring and using traits of different biota to predict ecosystem processes, and provide a new perspective as to how biotic traits can be integrated into biogeochemical models. We first describe an explicit trait‐based model framework that operates at small scales and uses direct measurements of ecosystem properties; second, an integrated approach that operates at medium scales and includes interactions between biogeochemical cycling and soil food webs; and third, an implicit trait‐based model framework that associates soil microbial and faunal functional groups with plant functional groups, and operates at the Earth‐system level. In each of these models, we identify opportunities for inclusion of traits from all three groups to reduce model uncertainty and improve understanding of biogeochemical cycles. These model frameworks will generate improved predictive capacity of how changes in biodiversity regulate biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Further, they will assist in developing a new generation of process‐based models that include plant, microbial, and faunal traits and facilitate dialogue between empirical researchers and modellers.

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“…In the soil food web, this would be primary consumers (for example, bacteria and fungi), secondary consumers (for example, microbial-feeding nematodes), and higher-level consumers or predators (for example, centipedes and predatory mites) ( Figure 1 ). Each of these trophic levels can be composed of a large taxonomic and functional diversity of organisms 5 . A key question here is what are the main drivers of the structure and functioning of soil food webs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How anthropogenic shifts in plant community composition alter soil food webs

Kardol

Long

2018

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There are great concerns about the impacts of soil biodiversity loss on ecosystem functions and services such as nutrient cycling, food production, and carbon storage. A diverse community of soil organisms that together comprise a complex food web mediates such ecosystem functions and services. Recent advances have shed light on the key drivers of soil food web structure, but a conceptual integration is lacking. Here, we explore how human-induced changes in plant community composition influence soil food webs. We present a framework describing the mechanistic underpinnings of how shifts in plant litter and root traits and microclimatic variables impact on the diversity, structure, and function of the soil food web. We then illustrate our framework by discussing how shifts in plant communities resulting from land-use change, climatic change, and species invasions affect soil food web structure and functioning. We argue that unravelling the mechanistic links between plant community trait composition and soil food webs is essential to understanding the cascading effects of anthropogenic shifts in plant communities on ecosystem functions and services.

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A hierarchical framework for studying the role of biodiversity in soil food web processes and ecosystem services

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

Humusica 1, article 2: Essential bases—Functional considerations

Humusica 1, article 2: Essential bases—Functional considerations

Using plant, microbe, and soil fauna traits to improve the predictive power of biogeochemical models

How anthropogenic shifts in plant community composition alter soil food webs

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