dependence-of the refractive indexes of two phases is significantly different. Unlike for dyes and pigments, the physical coloration based on the Christiansen effect is not caused by light absorption, and thus color fading in a two-phase system with stable chemical structures hardly occurs. Therefore, coloration based on the Christiansen effect has been expected to provide novel colored materials with high long-term stability, like structural coloration. [3,4] A number of studies of the Christiansen effect have been reported; [5-7] however, there have been few studies of organic polymers exhibiting this interesting effect. [8-10] Recently, monoliths-3D porous materials with bicontinuous structure-have been attracting significant attention in science and engineering fields owing to their unique properties. [11,12] Monoliths are composed of nanometer-scale to micrometer-scale skeletons and pores, and thus possess high specific surface area and porosity. A monolithic molded column generally shows a better fluid permeability than hydrogel beads or a porous powder column. Owing to these characteristics, monoliths are promising in many applications such as chromatographic columns, adsorbents for environmental pollutants, immobilized catalyst supports, and oil/water separation. [13-17] Numerous methods for fabricating polymer monoliths from their monomers have been developed, including polymerization-induced phase separation, high internal phase emulsion templating, cryogelation, and electron beam curing. [18-21] However, methods that use monomers as the starting material have disadvantages, including the need for additives such as emulsifiers and porogens, as well as time-consuming and complicated procedures. In addition, precise control of the conditions must be simultaneously maintained during the polymerization and phase separation to achieve a homogeneous porous structure. Polymer monoliths can also be directly fabricated from polymer solutions using the phase separation method. When an appropriate stimulus-such as cooling, addition of nonsolvent, or solvent evaporation-is applied to a homogeneous polymer solution, sequential phase separation proceeds and results in the formation of a polymer monolith. The thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method is a facile way of A cellulose acetate (CA) polymer monolith is conveniently fabricated using the thermally induced phase separation method. When a CA monolith in sheet form is immersed in a non-solvent mixture with a suitable refractive index, transparent coloration due to the Christiansen effect is observed. This colorization is arbitrarily controlled by temperature and the non-solvent composition. The wavelength of maximum transmission of the immersed monolith spectrum increases-with high sensitivity-at high temperatures and in non-solvent with a low refractive index, while being independent of the monolith morphology. Following the alkali hydrolysis of the CA monolith, the transmission spectrum of regenerated cellulose monolith immersed in mixed non-solvent cle...