A high-concentrate diet induced colonic epithelial barrier disruption is associated with the activating of cell apoptosis in lactating goats

Tao, Shiyu; Duanmu, Yongqian; Dong, Haibo; Tian, Jing; Ni, Yingdong; Zhao, Ruqian

doi:10.1186/s12917-014-0235-2

Cited by 59 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Significantly lower ruminal pH was observed in HC goats compared with LC goats, which was accompanied with greater VFA concentrations in ruminal fluids. These results were consistent with our previous studies (Dong et al, 2013;Jia et al, 2014;Tao et al, 2014;Tao et al, 2015). In those studies SARA were experimentally induced by feeding 65% concentrate diet for 2 months.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The experimental design was presented in our previous study (Tao et al, 2014). The ingredients and composition of the experimental diets are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, the ruminant microbial ecology and systemic metabolic state will change because of the rapid fermentation and subsequent excessive organic acids accumulation, and such animals are likely to suffer metabolic disorders such as acidosis, fatty liver, laminitis and even systemic inflammation (Alegre et al, 1988;Kleen et al, 2003;Plaizier et al, 2008;Dong et al, 2011;Tao et al, 2014). Our previous studies also showed that long-term feeding of a 65% high concentrate (HC) diet to lactating dairy goats led to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and disruptions of mucosal barrier in the hindgut (Dong et al, 2013;Tao et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in milk performance and hepatic metabolism in mid-lactating dairy goats after being fed a high concentrate diet for 10 weeks

Dong

Sun

Cong

et al. 2017

Animal

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Feeding a high concentrate (HC) diet is a widely used strategy for supporting high milk yields, yet it may cause certain metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the changes in milk production and hepatic metabolism in goats fed different proportions of concentrate in the diet for 10 weeks. In total, 12 mid-lactating goats were randomly assigned to an HC diet (65% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6) or a low concentrate (LC) diet (35% concentrate of dry matter, n = 6). Compared with LC, HC goats produced greater amounts of volatile fatty acids and produced more milk and milk lactose, fat and protein ( P < 0.01). HC goats showed a greater concentration of ATP, NAD, plasma non-esterified fatty acids and hepatic triglycerides than LC goats ( P < 0.05). Real-time PCR results showed that messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of gluconeogenic genes, namely, glucose-6-phosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were significantly up-regulated and accompanied greater gluconeogenic enzyme activities in the liver of HC goats. Moreover, the expression of hepatic lipogenic genes including sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 1c, fatty acid synthase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase mRNA was also up-regulated by the HC diet ( P < 0.05). HC goats had greater hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase than LC ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, histone-3-lysine-27-acetylation contributed to this elevation of gluconeogenic gene expression. These results indicate that lactating goats fed an HC diet for 10 weeks produced more milk, which was associated with up-regulated gene expression and enzyme activities involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis.Keywords: milk performance, gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, high concentrate diet, lactating dairy goats ImplicationsFeeding a high concentrate diet to ruminants is a common strategy for maintaining high milk yields. Unfortunately, there is a strong correlation between the amount of concentrate feeding and the occurrence of acidosis and fatty liver in practice, which will decrease animal welfare and result in significant economic losses. As the vital metabolic organ, the liver is responsible for nutrient partitioning and contributes to the input of substrate precursors to the mammary gland for milk production. Therefore, it is important to investigate changes of hepatic metabolism in lactating ruminants fed a high concentrate diet, which will help elucidate the internal mechanism behind these metabolic changes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The experimental design was presented in our previous study (Tao et al, 2014). The ingredients and composition of the experimental diets are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in milk performance and hepatic metabolism in mid-lactating dairy goats after being fed a high concentrate diet for 10 weeks

Dong

Sun

Cong

et al. 2017

Animal

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“…Throughout the years, has been remarkable the incorporation of a relatively large percentage of easily degradable carbohydrates in the diet of ruminants in intensive production systems [68,69]. This "nutritional boost" is supported by the high production of milk or rapid weight gain provided by these diets [70].…”

Section: The New Scenario Of Diets For Domestic Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of rapidly fermentable nonstructural carbohydrates lowers the proportion of ruminal fiber, changes the pattern of gas production, and increase the chances of metabolic and ruminal diseases [72,75]. Recent studies found that a long-term feeding a high-concentrate (HC) diet induces accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in ruminal fluid and colonic digesta, and damages the colonic mucosa inducing cell apoptosis in lactating goats [69,76]. Additionally, goats under the same HC diet conditions showed omasal epithelial cellular damage and changes in the expression of tight junctions proteins, which may increase the omasal epithelial permeability, thereby increasing the risk of translocation of microbial products into the circulation [68].…”

Section: The New Scenario Of Diets For Domestic Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminants as Part of the Global Food System: How Evolutionary Adaptations and Diversity of the Digestive System Brought them to the Future

Tarso¹

2016

JDVAR

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The importance of wild and domestic ruminants is evident to either habitat equilibrium or food production. Ruminants went through a series of evolutionary steps influenced by the environment and severe climate shifts, and adapted to different nutritional diets until the modern changes of the actual food demand. Evolutionary studies suggest that strict extremes of cattle and moose-type evolved from more rudimentary intermediate-type ruminants. Also, ruminants have been shown with extraordinary adaptive mechanisms of digestibility efficiency, regardless the body size and ability to regulate water in drought conditions. Incorporation of relatively high proportions of easily degradable carbohydrates in the diet of ruminants is doing more than increasing the chance of ruminal/ metabolic diseases. Nowadays, the food demand caused by the increase in human population has forced ruminant production systems to change the fiber based diet to larger proportions of grains and evolutionary responses to these new challenges will be dependent of future research. Morphology, physiology, nutrition and evolution knowledge will help to minimize injuries to ruminant health and to obtain the production efficiency required for the modern world.

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Anti‐inflammatory effects of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) towards the gut microbiome in dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis animal models

Khalil,

ALFaris,

ALTamimi

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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Bay laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) contains active antioxidative phenolic components that are beneficial to human health. However, none was examined and reported utilizing health effects related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) mainly ulcerative colitis (UC) in correlation to gut microbiota (GM). Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the impacts of bay leaves on UC albino rats targeting on the GM composition and their metabolites production (i.e., short‐chain fatty acids; SCFAs) for improving the gut barrier functions. UC models were induced by supplementing 5% DSS into their drinking water. The models were then divided randomly for the diet with 1%, 2%, and 3% of bay leaves, as well as two control studies (positive and negative). Colon‐to‐body weight ratio was used as an indicator for the presence of edema tissue. From the collected fecal samples at 0, 24 h, and final day, the population changes of gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Clostridium, and sulfate‐reducing bacteria) and SCFAs production were evaluated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and gas–liquid chromatography (GC). The colon‐to‐body weight ratio of the rat models consuming 2% and 3% bay leaves was found to be significantly lower with better recovery of colonic function. Models consuming 3% bay leaves showed the best treatment effects on GM compositions; promoting the growth of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in addition to producing high butyric acid levels. Meanwhile, the number of Clostridium and SRB was significantly reduced. Conclusively, consuming bay leaves brought significant colon health benefits other than stimulating appetite for a better taste.

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A high-concentrate diet induced colonic epithelial barrier disruption is associated with the activating of cell apoptosis in lactating goats

Cited by 59 publications

References 47 publications

Changes in milk performance and hepatic metabolism in mid-lactating dairy goats after being fed a high concentrate diet for 10 weeks

Changes in milk performance and hepatic metabolism in mid-lactating dairy goats after being fed a high concentrate diet for 10 weeks

Ruminants as Part of the Global Food System: How Evolutionary Adaptations and Diversity of the Digestive System Brought them to the Future

Anti‐inflammatory effects of bay laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) towards the gut microbiome in dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis animal models

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