“…As for energy storage systems (ESSs), one option is to use a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) system, as they have much higher power density than batteries, supercapacitors, etc., faster response times in milliseconds, very long operational lifetimes, high cycle life, and can satisfy large pulse loads, though its disadvantages include higher cost per kW, relatively high parasitic losses (mostly from using power switches for the chopper circuit), and the obvious need for constant cryogenic cooling [9]- [11].…”