A high efficacy steam soil disinfestation system, part II: Design and testing

Piccarolo, P.; Aimonino, Davide Ricauda; Tortia, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.07.008

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Further reduction of the heating and cooling phases could be accomplished by treating the seeds without their dispersal into soil. Although, data acquired under such conditions is limited practically, as real soil thermal treatments are always affected by discrete heating and cooling phases (Gay et al , 2010 a , b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This information is relevant for fine‐tuning the use of steam in thermal soil treatments and may further reduce the energy requirement of this technique. This can be in particular useful for steam application techniques based on localised injections for short durations, as in the case of band steaming (Ascard et al , ) or sub‐superficial soil steaming (Gay et al , 2010 a , b ). Caution must be adopted when considering real field treatment and conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Vidotto

Palo

Ferrero

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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2 Summary 1Thermal soil disinfestation techniques are effective reducers of weed seedbank and 2 weed emergence. Two experiments (Exp 1 and 2) were conducted to test the effect of 3 brief exposure to varying temperatures on the seed germination of Amaranthus 4 retroflexus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga quadriradiata, Portulaca oleracea, 5Setaria viridis, and Solanum nigrum. To this end, species seeds were moistened with 6 loamy-sand soil and placed into test tubes. The tubes were heated rapidly and then 7 cooled by dipping them into a hot water bath until target temperatures were achieved. 8Exp 1 temperatures ranged between 55 and 85°C at 5°C intervals and Exp 2 ranged 9 between 48 and 86°C at 2°C intervals. Thereafter, the tubes were dipped into a cooling 10 (1°C) water bath. Exposure to target temperatures ranged between 2 and 5 s. Soil 11 temperatures were monitored using embedded thermocouples. A log-logistic dose-12 response model described the effect of heating on seed germinability; temperatures 13 required for 99% reductions were calculated. Based on the predictive model equation 14 used, weed species' germination sensitivity to high temperature exposure can be ranked 15

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Vidotto

Palo

Ferrero

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…The following steps were implemented: the residual condensate in the SDP was drained before the test; the boiler pressure was adjusted to 0.3 MPa; the saturated dry steam temperature was increased to 132.88 • C; the flow valve opening through the flow meter was calibrated; and the steam flow was calibrated to 2, 3, and 4 kg/h. The SDP was inserted into test areas (depth= −20 cm) for different particle diameters [6,7], and the surface of the soil bin was sealed with an iron cover to prevent steam overflow. According to the theoretical and simulation calculations, the disinfection times of the flow rates of 2, 3, and 4 kg/h are set to 360, 240, and 180 s, respectively.…”

Section: Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…flow was calibrated to 2, 3, and 4 kg/h. The SDP was inserted into test areas (depth= −20 cm) for different particle diameters [6,7], and the surface of the soil bin was sealed with an iron cover to prevent steam overflow. According to the theoretical and simulation calculations, the disinfection times of the flow rates of 2, 3, and 4 kg/h are set to 360, 240, and 180 s, respectively.…”

Section: Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Soil Particle Size on the Temperature Field and Energy Consumption of Injected Steam Soil Disinfection

et al. 2020

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Soil steam disinfection (SSD) technology is an effective means of eliminating soil borne diseases. Among the soil cultivation conditions of facility agriculture in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the clay soil particles (SPs) are fine, the soil pores are small, and the texture is relatively viscous. When injection disinfection technology is applied in the clay soil, the diffusion of steam is hindered and the heating efficiency is substantially affected. To increase the heating efficiency of SSD, we first discretized the continuum model of Philip and De Vries into circular particle porous media of different sizes and random distribution. Then with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation technology, a single-injection steam disinfection model for different SP size conditions was constructed. Furthermore, the diffusion pattern of the macro-porous vapor flow and matrix flow and the corresponding temperature field were simulated and analyzed. Finally, a single-pipe injection steam disinfection verification test was performed for different SP sizes. The test results show that for the clay soil in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the test temperature filed results are consistent with the simulation results when the heat flow reaches H = 20 cm in the vertical direction, the simulation and test result of the heat flow in the maximum horizontal diffusion distance are L = 13 cm and 12 cm, respectively. At the same disinfection time, the simulated soil temperature change trend is consistent with the test results, and the test temperature is lower than the simulated temperature. The difference between the theoretical temperature and the experimental temperature may be attributed to the heat loss in the experimental device. Further, it is necessary to optimize the CFD simulation process and add the disintegration and deformation processes of soil particle size with the change of water content. Furthermore, the soil pores increase as the SP size increases and that a large amount of steam vertically diffuses along the macropores and accumulates on the soil surface, causing ineffective heat loss. Moreover, soil temperature distribution changes from oval (horizontal short radius/vertical long radius = 0.65) to irregular shape. As the SP size decreases, the soil pore flow path becomes fine; the steam primarily diffuses uniformly around the soil in the form of a matrix flow; the diffusion distance in the horizontal direction gradually increases; and the temperature distribution gradually becomes even, which is consistent with the soil temperature field simulation results. Similar to the energy consumption analysis, the maximum energy consumption for SP sizes>27mm and <2mm was 486and 477kJ, respectively. Therefore, proper pore growth was conducive to the diffusion of steam, but excessive pores cause steam to overflow, which increased energy consumption of the system. Considering that the test was carried out in an ideal soil environment, the rotary tiller must be increased for fine rotary tillage in an actual disinfection operation. Although large particles may appear during the rotary tillage process, an appropriate number of large particles contributes to the formation of a large pore flow, under the common effect of matrix flow, it will simultaneously promote greater steam diffusion and heating efficiency. The above theoretical research has practical guiding significance for improving the design and disinfection effect of soil steam sterilizers in the future.

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New Approaches to Soil Disinfestation for Specialty Crops

Rosskopf

Gioia

2023

Handbook of Vegetable and Herb Diseases

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A high efficacy steam soil disinfestation system, part II: Design and testing

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Influence of Soil Particle Size on the Temperature Field and Energy Consumption of Injected Steam Soil Disinfection

New Approaches to Soil Disinfestation for Specialty Crops

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