A high efficiency steam soil disinfestation system, part I: Physical background and steam supply optimisation

Piccarolo, P.; Aimonino, Davide Ricauda; Tortia, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.07.003

Cited by 41 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Further reduction of the heating and cooling phases could be accomplished by treating the seeds without their dispersal into soil. Although, data acquired under such conditions is limited practically, as real soil thermal treatments are always affected by discrete heating and cooling phases (Gay et al , 2010 a , b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This information is relevant for fine‐tuning the use of steam in thermal soil treatments and may further reduce the energy requirement of this technique. This can be in particular useful for steam application techniques based on localised injections for short durations, as in the case of band steaming (Ascard et al , ) or sub‐superficial soil steaming (Gay et al , 2010 a , b ). Caution must be adopted when considering real field treatment and conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that both seed and soil moisture influence seed susceptibility to heating (Mas & Verdù, ; Verdù & Mas, ). Soil moisture at levels near field capacity yielded, in general, high heating efficiency values via steaming disinfestation methods (Gay et al , 2010 a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Vidotto

Palo

Ferrero

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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2 Summary 1Thermal soil disinfestation techniques are effective reducers of weed seedbank and 2 weed emergence. Two experiments (Exp 1 and 2) were conducted to test the effect of 3 brief exposure to varying temperatures on the seed germination of Amaranthus 4 retroflexus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga quadriradiata, Portulaca oleracea, 5Setaria viridis, and Solanum nigrum. To this end, species seeds were moistened with 6 loamy-sand soil and placed into test tubes. The tubes were heated rapidly and then 7 cooled by dipping them into a hot water bath until target temperatures were achieved. 8Exp 1 temperatures ranged between 55 and 85°C at 5°C intervals and Exp 2 ranged 9 between 48 and 86°C at 2°C intervals. Thereafter, the tubes were dipped into a cooling 10 (1°C) water bath. Exposure to target temperatures ranged between 2 and 5 s. Soil 11 temperatures were monitored using embedded thermocouples. A log-logistic dose-12 response model described the effect of heating on seed germinability; temperatures 13 required for 99% reductions were calculated. Based on the predictive model equation 14 used, weed species' germination sensitivity to high temperature exposure can be ranked 15

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Vidotto

Palo

Ferrero

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Considering that the lethal temperature of the harmful bacteria is 80 • C [6], as shown in Figure 5 with the same disinfection time, the larger the particle size is, the smaller the distribution range of the high-temperature soil area, that is, the smaller the scope of the disinfection area. For example, the soil disinfection area with a particle size >27 mm is the smallest.…”

Section: Analysis Of Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…loam soil promotes the diffusion of steam in soil due to its large pores [6,7]. The injected SSD method can reheat and remove condensed water that is blocked in the pores of sandy loam soil to promote the diffusion of steam in the soil [6]. However, most of the soil types of the Yangtze River Delta in China are clay or clay loam due to its high clay content and soil porosity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Particle Size on the Temperature Field and Energy Consumption of Injected Steam Soil Disinfection

et al. 2020

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Soil steam disinfection (SSD) technology is an effective means of eliminating soil borne diseases. Among the soil cultivation conditions of facility agriculture in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the clay soil particles (SPs) are fine, the soil pores are small, and the texture is relatively viscous. When injection disinfection technology is applied in the clay soil, the diffusion of steam is hindered and the heating efficiency is substantially affected. To increase the heating efficiency of SSD, we first discretized the continuum model of Philip and De Vries into circular particle porous media of different sizes and random distribution. Then with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation technology, a single-injection steam disinfection model for different SP size conditions was constructed. Furthermore, the diffusion pattern of the macro-porous vapor flow and matrix flow and the corresponding temperature field were simulated and analyzed. Finally, a single-pipe injection steam disinfection verification test was performed for different SP sizes. The test results show that for the clay soil in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the test temperature filed results are consistent with the simulation results when the heat flow reaches H = 20 cm in the vertical direction, the simulation and test result of the heat flow in the maximum horizontal diffusion distance are L = 13 cm and 12 cm, respectively. At the same disinfection time, the simulated soil temperature change trend is consistent with the test results, and the test temperature is lower than the simulated temperature. The difference between the theoretical temperature and the experimental temperature may be attributed to the heat loss in the experimental device. Further, it is necessary to optimize the CFD simulation process and add the disintegration and deformation processes of soil particle size with the change of water content. Furthermore, the soil pores increase as the SP size increases and that a large amount of steam vertically diffuses along the macropores and accumulates on the soil surface, causing ineffective heat loss. Moreover, soil temperature distribution changes from oval (horizontal short radius/vertical long radius = 0.65) to irregular shape. As the SP size decreases, the soil pore flow path becomes fine; the steam primarily diffuses uniformly around the soil in the form of a matrix flow; the diffusion distance in the horizontal direction gradually increases; and the temperature distribution gradually becomes even, which is consistent with the soil temperature field simulation results. Similar to the energy consumption analysis, the maximum energy consumption for SP sizes>27mm and <2mm was 486and 477kJ, respectively. Therefore, proper pore growth was conducive to the diffusion of steam, but excessive pores cause steam to overflow, which increased energy consumption of the system. Considering that the test was carried out in an ideal soil environment, the rotary tiller must be increased for fine rotary tillage in an actual disinfection operation. Although large particles may appear during the rotary tillage process, an appropriate number of large particles contributes to the formation of a large pore flow, under the common effect of matrix flow, it will simultaneously promote greater steam diffusion and heating efficiency. The above theoretical research has practical guiding significance for improving the design and disinfection effect of soil steam sterilizers in the future.

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Steaming soil is effective in eliminating invasive alien plants (IAPs) – part I: effect of exposure method

Bitarafan,

Kaczmarek‐Derda,

Berge

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDAs regulations on pesticides become more stringent, it is likely that there will be interest in steam as an alternative approach for soil disinfestation. This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing a soil steaming device for thermal control of invasive plants.RESULTSSeeds of Echinochloa crus‐galli, Impatiens glandulifera, Solidago canadensis, and rhizome fragments of Reynoutria × bohemica were examined for thermal sensitivity through two exposure methods: (1) steam treatment of propagative material in soil; (2) exposure of propagative material to warm soil just after heated by steam. Soil temperatures in the range of 60–99 °C and dwelling period of 3 min were tested. Increased soil temperature decreased seed germination/rhizome sprouting. The exposure method had a significant effect where higher temperatures were needed to reduce the seed germination/rhizome sprouting in method 2 explained by the effect of extra heat given in method 1. Using method 1, for E. crus‐galli and S. canadensis, the maximum mean temperature of approximately 80 °C was enough to achieve the effective weed control level (90%). This was lower for I. glandulifera and higher for R. × bohemica. Using method 2, 90% control was achieved at 95 °C for S. canadensis; more than 115 °C for I. glandulifera; and more than 130 °C for E. crus‐galli and R. × bohemica.CONCLUSIONOur findings showed a promising mortality rate for weeds propagative materials through soil steaming. However, the species showed varying responses to heat and therefore steam regulation should be based on the differences in weeds' susceptibility to heat. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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A high efficiency steam soil disinfestation system, part I: Physical background and steam supply optimisation

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Effect of short‐duration high temperatures on weed seed germination

Influence of Soil Particle Size on the Temperature Field and Energy Consumption of Injected Steam Soil Disinfection

Steaming soil is effective in eliminating invasive alien plants (IAPs) – part I: effect of exposure method

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